PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vaccination has been confirmed to be the safest and, sometimes, the only tool of defense against threats from infectious diseases. The successful history of vaccination is evident in the control of serious viral infections, such as smallpox and polio. Viruses that infect human livers are known as hepatitis viruses and are classified into five major types from A to E, alphabetically. Although infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) is known to be self-resolving after rest and symptomatic treatment, there were 7134 deaths from HAV worldwide in 2016. In 2019, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) resulted in an estimated 820,000 and 290,000 deaths, respectively. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite virus that depends on HBV for producing its infectious particles in order to spread. The combination of HDV and HBV infection is considered the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is another orally transmitted virus, common in low- and middle-income countries. In 2015, it caused 44,000 deaths worldwide. Safe and effective vaccines are already available to prevent hepatitis A and B. Here, we review the recent advances in protective vaccines against the five major hepatitis viruses.
摘要：
疫苗接种已被证实是最安全的，有时,抵御传染病威胁的唯一工具。疫苗接种的成功历史在控制严重病毒感染方面是显而易见的，比如天花和小儿麻痹症。感染人类肝脏的病毒被称为肝炎病毒，分为五种主要类型，从A到E，按字母顺序。尽管已知甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）感染在休息和对症治疗后可以自我解决，2016年,全球共有7134人死于HAV.在2019年，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）导致估计的820,000和290,000死亡，分别。丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）是一种卫星病毒，它依赖于HBV产生其传染性颗粒以传播。HDV和HBV感染的组合被认为是慢性病毒性肝炎的最严重形式。戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是另一种经口传播的病毒，在低收入和中等收入国家很常见。2015年，它在全球造成44,000人死亡。这里已经有安全有效的疫苗来预防甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎，我们回顾了针对五种主要肝炎病毒的保护性疫苗的最新进展。
