Abstract：
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution brings great negative impacts to human health and social development. From the perspective of heterogeneity and the combination of national and urban analysis, this study aims to investigate the variation patterns of PM2.5 pollution and its determinants, using geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) in 273 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2019. A comprehensive analytical framework was established, composed of 14 determinants from multi-dimensions, including population, economic development, technology, and natural conditions. The results indicated that: (1) PM2.5 pollution was most severe in winter and the least severe in summer, while the monthly, daily, and hourly variations showed \"U\"-shaped, pulse-shaped and \"W\"-shaped patterns; (2) Coastal cities in southeast China have better air quality than other cities, and the interaction between determinants enhanced the spatial disequilibrium of PM2.5 pollution; (3) The determinants showed significant heterogeneity on PM2.5 pollution-specifically, population density, trade openness, the secondary industry, and invention patents exhibited the strongest positive impacts on PM2.5 pollution in the North China Plain. Relative humidity, precipitation and per capita GDP were more effective in improving atmospheric quality in cities with serious PM2.5 pollution. Altitude and the proportion of built-up areas showed strong effects in western China. These findings will be conductive to formulating targeted and differentiated prevention strategies for regional air pollution control.
摘要：
细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染给人类健康和社会发展带来极大的负面影响。从异质性和国家和城市相结合的角度分析，本研究旨在探讨PM2.5污染的变化规律及其影响因素，使用2015年至2019年中国273个城市的地理和时间加权回归(GTWR)。建立了全面的分析框架,由14个多维度的决定因素组成，包括人口,经济发展,技术,和自然条件。结果表明：（1）PM2.5污染在冬季最严重，在夏季最不严重。而每月，daily,每小时的变化显示为“U”形，脉冲形和“W”形模式；(2)中国东南部沿海城市的空气质量优于其他城市，决定因素之间的相互作用增强了PM2.5污染的空间不平衡；(3)决定因素对PM2.5污染特异性表现出显著的异质性，人口密度，贸易开放,第二产业,和发明专利对华北平原的PM2.5污染表现出最强烈的积极影响。相对湿度,在PM2.5污染严重的城市，降水量和人均GDP对改善大气质量更为有效。海拔高度和建成区的比例在中国西部表现出强烈的影响。这些发现将有助于为区域空气污染控制制定有针对性和差异化的预防策略。
