Abstract：
Nanomaterial-incorporated surfaces with microstructures have been widely used for marine antifouling coatings, yet limited green antifouling coatings are currently available for sustainable application, given the potential environmental effects of nanomaterial-based nanofillers. Here, by using natural sourced nanomaterials (cellulose nanocrystals, CNCs) as nanofillers, a nanocomposite superhydrophobic coating was fabricated via a simple sol-gel synthesis method. Notably, CNCs were firstly applied in the marine antifouling realm to form uniform and stable coatings, which were condensed with hydroxyl groups of hydrolyzed tetrapropyl zirconate, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and methyltrimethoxysilane. The synthesized coatings gained a biomimetic microscopic ridge-like surface, where more CNCs contents contributed to finer microstructures. As a result of the influence of CNCs content on surface wettability and antifouling properties, the coating with CNCs accounting for 20 wt% of the total solid content (CNC20) delivered the best antifouling performance. Furthermore, 90-day marine field tests verified CNC20\'s excellent antifouling ability, reducing fouling by 82 % in comparison to the control group. Such a biomimicry study provides a novel strategy for the development of environmentally friendly coatings with CNCs nanofillers.
摘要：
具有微结构的纳米材料掺入表面已广泛用于海洋防污涂料，然而，目前有限的绿色防污涂料可用于可持续应用，考虑到纳米材料基纳米填料的潜在环境影响。这里,通过使用天然纳米材料(纤维素纳米晶体，CNCs）作为纳米填料，通过简单的溶胶-凝胶合成方法制备了纳米复合超疏水涂层。值得注意的是,CNCs首先应用于海洋防污领域，形成均匀稳定的涂层，与水解的锆酸四丙酯的羟基缩合，3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷，和甲基三甲氧基硅烷。合成的涂层获得了仿生的微观脊状表面，更多的CNCs含量有助于更精细的微观结构。由于CNCs含量对表面润湿性和防污性的影响,CNCs占总固体含量（CNC20）的20wt％的涂层具有最佳的防污性能。此外，90天的海洋现场测试验证了CNC20优异的防污能力，与对照组相比，污垢减少了82%。这种仿生研究为开发具有CNCs纳米填料的环保涂层提供了新的策略。
