PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Avoidance of immune destruction is recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer development. Although first predicted as a potential antitumor treatment modality more than 50 years ago, the widespread clinical use of cancer immunotherapies has only recently become a reality. Cancer immunotherapy works by reactivation of a stalled pre-existing immune response or by eliciting a de novo immune response, and its toolkit comprises antibodies, vaccines, cytokines, and cell-based therapies. The treatment paradigm in some malignancies has completely changed over the past 10 to 15 years. Massive efforts in preclinical development have led to a surge of clinical trials testing innovative therapeutic approaches as monotherapy and, increasingly, in combination. Here we provide an overview of approved and emerging antitumor immune therapies, focusing on the rich landscape of therapeutic approaches beyond those that block the canonical PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 axes and placing them in the context of the latest understanding of tumor immunology.
摘要：
避免免疫破坏被认为是癌症发展的标志之一。尽管在50多年前首次被预测为一种潜在的抗肿瘤治疗方式，癌症免疫疗法的广泛临床应用直到最近才成为现实.癌症免疫疗法通过重新激活停滞的预先存在的免疫反应或通过引发从头免疫反应来发挥作用。它的工具包包括抗体，疫苗,细胞因子,和基于细胞的疗法。在过去的10到15年里，一些恶性肿瘤的治疗模式已经完全改变。临床前开发的巨大努力导致了大量临床试验，测试创新的治疗方法作为单一疗法，越来越多,在组合。在这里，我们提供了已批准和新兴的抗肿瘤免疫疗法的概述，重点关注治疗方法的丰富景观，而不是那些阻断规范PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4轴的方法，并将它们置于对肿瘤免疫学的最新理解的背景下。
