Abstract：
Oligosaccharides derived from agar, that is, agarooligosaccharides and neoagarooligosaccharides, have demonstrated various kinds of bioactivities which have been utilized in a variety of fields. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a feasible approach that principally allows for obtaining specific agar oligosaccharides in a sustainable way at an industrial scale. This review summarizes recent technologies employed to improve the properties of agarase. Additionally, the relationship between the degree of polymerization, bioactivities, and potential applications of agar-derived oligosaccharides for pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and agricultural industries are discussed. Engineered agarase exhibited general improvement of enzymatic performance, which is mostly achieved by truncation. Rational and semi-rational design assisted by computational methods present the latest strategy for agarase improvement with greatest potential to satisfy future industrial needs. Agarase immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles via covalent bond formation showed characteristics well suited for industry. Additionally, albeit with the relationship between the degree of polymerization and versatile bioactivities like anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial agents, prebiotics and in skin care of agar-derived oligosaccharides are discussed here, further researches are still needed to unravel the complicated relationship between bioactivity and structure of the different oligosaccharides.
摘要：
来自琼脂的寡糖，也就是说,琼脂糖寡糖和新琼脂糖寡糖，已经证明了已在各种领域中利用的各种生物活性。酶水解是一种可行的方法,其主要允许在工业规模下以可持续的方式获得特定的琼脂寡糖。本文综述了近年来用于改善琼脂糖酶性能的技术。此外,聚合度之间的关系，生物活性,以及琼脂衍生寡糖在制药中的潜在应用，食物,化妆品,和农业产业进行了讨论。工程琼脂糖酶表现出酶学性能的总体改善，这主要是通过截断来实现的。在计算方法的辅助下进行合理和半合理的设计，为琼脂糖酶的改进提供了最新的策略，具有最大的潜力来满足未来的工业需求。通过共价键形成固定在磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒上的琼脂糖显示出非常适合工业的特性。此外,尽管聚合度和多种生物活性如抗氧化剂之间的关系，抗炎,抗微生物剂，这里讨论了益生元和在皮肤护理中的琼脂衍生寡糖，不同寡糖的生物活性与结构之间的复杂关系仍需进一步研究。
