Abstract：
Duck genotypes in India are generally grown in extensive conditions by small breeders. The purpose of breeding is to obtain meat and eggs to contribute a small amount to the family budget. These duck genotypes are known for their adaptability to the environment and their resistance to diseases. As per livestock census 2019, the duck population of India is 33.51 million constituting 4.0% of the total poultry population. Ducks are most abundant in Eastern (64.5%), North Eastern (16.02%), and Southern (12.60%) states of India. In most of the places, poultry farmers prefer rearing indigenous ducks under scavenging system. The flock sizes of ducks ranged from 2 to 9 ducks among different households in the surveyed locations. Plumage color and beak color are not defined in indigenous ducks. There is inter-individual variation in morphological and yield traits. The average first laying age in indigenous ducks ranges from 145 to 223 days and 17.0-38.5% owners do not supply any additional feed to their ducks. The mortality rate among chicks was observed to be higher at younger ages. The average annual egg productions per indigenous duck are very poor. However, most of the duck farmers earned a good amount of subsidiary income from duck rearing. Hence, selective breeding as a genetic tool could be utilized to improve the productivity of indigenous ducks.
摘要：
印度的鸭基因型通常由小型育种者在广泛的条件下种植。育种的目的是获得肉类和鸡蛋，为家庭预算做出少量贡献。这些鸭基因型以其对环境的适应性和对疾病的抵抗力而闻名。根据2019年的牲畜普查，印度的鸭子数量为3351万，占家禽总数的4.0％。鸭子在东部最丰富（64.5％），东北(16.02%),印度南部（12.60％）。在大多数地方,家禽养殖者更喜欢在清除系统下饲养本地鸭子。在调查地点的不同家庭中，鸭子的羊群大小从2到9只不等。在本地鸭子中没有定义羽毛色和喙色。形态性状和产量性状存在个体差异。本地鸭子的平均首次产蛋年龄为145至223天，17.0-38.5％的主人不向鸭子提供任何额外的饲料。观察到雏鸡的死亡率在年轻时更高。每只本地鸭的平均年产蛋量非常差。然而,大多数养鸭农民从养鸭中获得了大量的附属收入。因此，选择性育种作为一种遗传工具可用于提高本地鸭的生产力。
