Abstract：
The major acute phase proteins (APPs) in cattle are haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), and in swine, are Hp, SAA, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Pig major acute phase protein (Pig-MAP). Many methodologic assays are presently available to measure these parameters, which are still being improved to increase their specificity, sensitivity, user-friendliness, and economic availability. In cattle, the main applications are the diagnosis and monitoring of frequent diseases such as mastitis and metritis in dairy cows and respiratory problems in young calves. In pigs, APPs are useful in the control of bacterial and viral infections, and they may be used at the slaughterhouse to monitor subclinical pathologies and improve food safety. The utility of APP in animal production must not be forgotten; optimization of protocols to improve performance, welfare, and nutrition may benefit from the use of APPs. Other sample types besides serum or plasma have potential uses; APP determination in milk is a powerful tool in the control of mastitis, saliva is a non-invasive sample type, and meat juice is easily obtained at the slaughterhouse. Increasing our knowledge of reference intervals and the influence of variables such as age, breed, sex, and the season is important. Finally, worldwide harmonization and standardization of analytical procedures will help to expand the use of APPs.
摘要：
牛的主要急性期蛋白（APP）是结合珠蛋白（Hp）和血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA），在猪中，是Hp,SAA,C反应蛋白(CRP),和猪主要急性期蛋白（Pig-MAP）。目前有许多方法学测定可用于测量这些参数，它们仍在改进以增加其特异性，灵敏度,用户友好性，和经济可用性。在牛身上,主要应用是诊断和监测常见疾病，如奶牛的乳腺炎和子宫炎，以及幼牛的呼吸系统问题。在猪中,APP可用于控制细菌和病毒感染，它们可以在屠宰场使用，以监测亚临床病理并改善食品安全。不能忘记APP在动物生产中的实用性;优化协议以提高性能，福利,和营养可能受益于APP的使用。除血清或血浆外，其他样品类型也有潜在用途；牛奶中的APP测定是控制乳腺炎的有力工具，唾液是一种非侵入性样本类型，肉汁很容易在屠宰场获得。增加我们对参考间隔的了解以及年龄等变量的影响，品种,性别,季节很重要。最后,分析程序的全球统一和标准化将有助于扩大APP的使用。
