Abstract：
National Immunization Program-version 2016 (ISIV-NIP-v2016) recommended a 4-dose hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) schedule for preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. However, the implementation of this immunization strategy in the past five years has not been fully evaluated in China. We reviewed the data of pregnant women and live-born infants from 24 hospitals between 2016 and 2021 in Lu\'an, Anhui province, to estimate the prevalence of PTB, LBW, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected pregnant women. We analyzed the vaccination status of HepB and HBIG among PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. A total of 160 222 pregnant women and 159 613 live-born infants were included in this study. The estimated prevalence of PTB, LBW and HBV-infected pregnant women was 3.86% (range: 3.28%-5.10%), 2.77% (range: 2.12%-3.66%), and 3.27% (range: 3.03%-3.49%), respectively. We screened 340 PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers between 2016 and 2020. We found that the coverage of HepB and HBIG among them was 100% and 99.39%. However, the timely vaccination rate of the HepB birth dose was only 78.59% and only four children (1.22%) received the 4-dose HepB as recommended by ISIV-NIP-v2016. The 4-dose of HepB for PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers recommended by ISIV-NIP-v2016 was not fully implemented. A strong public health intervention should be taken to close the policy-practice gap in China in the future.
摘要：
2016年国家免疫计划（ISIV-NIP-v2016）推荐了4剂乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）计划，用于早产（PTB）和低出生体重（LBW）婴儿HBsAg阳性母亲出生。然而,在过去的五年中，这种免疫策略的实施在中国尚未得到充分评估。我们回顾了2016年至2021年陆安24家医院的孕妇和活产婴儿的数据，安徽省,为了估计PTB的患病率，LBW,和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的孕妇。我们分析了HBsAg阳性母亲所生的PTB和LBW婴儿中HepB和HBIG的疫苗接种状况。本研究共纳入160222名孕妇和159613名活产婴儿。估计的PTB患病率，LBW和HBV感染的孕妇为3.86％（范围：3.28％-5.10％），2.77%（范围：2.12%-3.66%），和3.27%（范围：3.03%-3.49%），分别。我们筛查了2016年至2020年间HBsAg阳性母亲所生的340名PTB和LBW婴儿。我们发现其中HepB和HBIG的覆盖率分别为100％和99.39％。然而,按照ISIV-NIP-v2016的建议,HepB出生剂量的及时疫苗接种率仅为78.59%,只有4名儿童(1.22%)接受了4剂HepB.由ISIV-NIP-v2016推荐的HBsAg阳性母亲出生的PTB和LBW婴儿的4剂量HepB未完全实施。未来应采取强有力的公共卫生干预措施，以缩小中国的政策与实践差距。
