Abstract：
Background: The Twelve Steps described by Narcotics Anonymous (NA) and Alcoholics Anonymous denote key aspects of how members can achieve abstinence from alcohol and other drugs. However, there are limited empirical findings on what long-term members rely on to support their ongoing recovery.Method: In order to clarify the members\' reliance on those latter resources, we surveyed 2,293 long-term NA members through the internet on items they rely on for their recovery. They scored nine NA-related resources (e.g., their sponsor) and three non-NA institutional ones (e.g., a professional therapist).Results: Three factors accounted for 53.6% of the variance in the respondents\' scores of the 12 items. We labeled them, with the percent of variance accorded, as NA-based social (24.9%) support, spiritual (17.8%) support, and outside professional (10.9%) help. While NA-based resources ranked highest, outside resources (a house of worship, a therapist, or medications for psychological distress) were scored by 75.4% of the respondents. Analysis by subgroups of respondents reflected the diversity of resources members draw on. The use of internet-based meetings during the COVID-19 period reflected the resilience of the NA format.Conclusion: Members of Twelve Step programs can be studied to shed light on options that they rely on for support for their ongoing recovery, both within the fellowships and outside them. Long-term members can apparently rely on resources inside the fellowship and simultaneously on professional ones, as well. These findings can be helpful for researchers in considering mechanisms that underlie long-term Twelve Step-related recovery and for clinicians in employing both these fellowships and outside resources as adjuncts to their professional care.
摘要：
背景：麻醉品匿名（NA）和酗酒者匿名描述的十二个步骤表示成员如何从酒精和其他药物中获得禁欲的关键方面。然而,关于长期成员依靠什么来支持其持续复苏的经验发现有限。方法：为了澄清成员对后者资源的依赖，我们通过互联网调查了2,293名长期NA成员，了解他们恢复所依赖的项目。他们对9个与NA相关的资源进行了评分(例如，他们的赞助商)和三个非NA机构的赞助商(例如，专业治疗师)。结果：三个因素占12项受访者得分差异的53.6%。我们给他们贴上标签,根据方差的百分比，作为基于NA的社会支持（24.9%），精神支持(17.8%)，和外部专业人士(10.9%)的帮助。虽然基于NA的资源排名最高，外部资源(礼拜堂，治疗师,或用于心理困扰的药物）的评分为75.4%的受访者。受访者分组的分析反映了资源成员利用的多样性。在COVID-19期间使用基于互联网的会议反映了NA格式的弹性。结论：可以对十二步计划的成员进行研究，以阐明他们赖以支持其持续康复的选择。在研究金内部和外部。长期成员显然可以依赖研究金内部的资源，同时也可以依赖专业资源，也是。这些发现有助于研究人员考虑长期十二步相关恢复的基础机制，并有助于临床医生利用这些研究金和外部资源作为其专业护理的辅助手段。
