Abstract：
Among the plethora of chemicals released into the environment, much attention is paid to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Natural estrogens, such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) are excreted by humans as well as animals, and can enter the environment as a result of discharging domestic sewage and animal waste. These compounds can cause deleterious effects such as feminization, infertility and hermaphroditism in organisms that inhabit water bodies. This study provides an overview of the level of estrogen exposures in surface waters, groundwater and river sediments in European countries. The conducted review shows that estrogen concentrations were within the range of 0.1 ng L - 10 ng /L in the majority of the tested environmental samples. However, the authors of the study point out that there are still many unexplored areas and a limited amount of data that mainly concerns Eastern European countries. The study also analysed the factors that influence the increased emissions of estrogens to the environment, which may be helpful for identifying particularly polluted areas.
摘要：
在释放到环境中的大量化学物质中，内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）备受关注。天然雌激素,例如雌酮(E1)，17β-雌二醇(E2),雌三醇（E3）被人类和动物排泄，并可能因排放生活污水和动物废物而进入环境。这些化合物会引起有害影响，如女性化，居住在水体中的生物的不育和雌雄同体。这项研究提供了地表水中雌激素暴露水平的概述，欧洲国家的地下水和河流沉积物。进行的审查表明，在大多数测试的环境样品中，雌激素浓度在0.1ngL-10ng/L的范围内。然而,该研究的作者指出，仍有许多未开发的领域和有限的数据主要涉及东欧国家。该研究还分析了影响雌激素向环境排放增加的因素，这可能有助于识别特别污染的区域。
