Abstract：
Recent developments in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology have shown great potential in terms of estimating users\' mental state and supporting children\'s attention training. However, existing training tasks are relatively simple and lack a reliable task-generation process. Moreover, the training experience has not been deeply studied, and the empirical validation of the training effect is still insufficient. This study thusly proposed a BCI training system for children\'s attention improvement. In particular, to achieve a systematic training process, the attention network was referred to generate the training games for alerting, orienting and executive attentions, and to improve the training experience and adherence, the gamification design theory was introduced to derive attractive training tasks. A preliminary experiment was conducted to set and modify the training parameters. Subsequently, a series of contrasting user experiments were organized to examine the impact of BCI training. To test the training effect of the proposed system, a hypothesis-testing approach was adopted. The results revealed that the proposed BCI gamification attention training system can significantly improve the participants\' attention behaviors and concentration ability. Moreover, an immersive, inspiring and smooth training process can be created, and a pleasant user experience can be achieved. Generally, this work is promising in terms of providing a valuable reference for related practices, especially for how to generate BCI attention training tasks using attention networks and how to improve training adherence by integrating multimodal gamification elements.
摘要：
脑机接口（BCI）技术的最新发展在评估用户的精神状态和支持儿童的注意力训练方面显示出巨大的潜力。然而,现有的培训任务相对简单，缺乏可靠的任务生成过程。此外，培训经验没有得到深入研究，训练效果的实证验证还不够。因此，本研究提出了一种用于儿童注意力改善的BCI训练系统。特别是,为了实现系统的培训过程，关注网络被推荐为生成用于警报的训练游戏，定向和执行关注，并提高培训经验和依从性，引入游戏化设计理论以得出有吸引力的训练任务。进行了初步实验以设置和修改训练参数。随后，组织了一系列对比的用户实验来检查BCI培训的影响。为了测试该系统的训练效果,采用假设检验方法。结果表明，提出的BCI游戏化注意训练系统可以显着提高参与者的注意行为和注意力集中能力。此外，身临其境的，可以创建鼓舞人心和流畅的培训过程，并且可以实现愉快的用户体验。一般来说,这项工作很有希望为相关实践提供有价值的参考，特别是如何使用注意力网络生成BCI注意力训练任务，以及如何通过集成多模式游戏化元素来提高训练依从性。
