Abstract：
The nail unit is the most commonly affected area in hand infections, which can be primary infection or superinfection complicating other nail or skin disorders. Trauma, mechanical or chemical, is usually the trigger enabling infiltration of infectious organisms. Artificial nails and nail polish are also a possible cause of bacterial infection, harboring microorganisms. In severe acute bacterial infection, surgical intervention is often needed to prevent morbidity and disability. Abscess should always be drained, but viral infection such as herpetic whitlow, may mimic an abscess and, in contrast, requires non-operative treatment; to prevent sequelae. A more conservative approach is also generally advisable in less severe bacterial infection, other viral infections and in subacute or chronic nail infection. The present review deals with acute, subacute and chronic bacterial and viral infections of the nail unit, with a focus on diagnostic and treatment options. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, systematic review of level III studies.
摘要：
指甲单元是手部感染中最常见的受影响区域，可能是原发感染或重复感染，使其他指甲或皮肤疾病复杂化。创伤,机械或化学，通常是使传染性生物渗透的触发器。人造指甲和指甲油也是细菌感染的可能原因，窝藏微生物。在严重的急性细菌感染中，通常需要手术干预来预防发病和残疾.脓肿应该总是排干，但是病毒感染，如疱疹性白斑，可能会模仿脓肿，相比之下,需要非手术治疗；防止后遗症。在较不严重的细菌感染中，通常也建议采用更保守的方法，其他病毒感染和亚急性或慢性指甲感染。本综述涉及急性，甲部的亚急性和慢性细菌和病毒感染，专注于诊断和治疗方案。证据级别:III,三级研究的系统评价。
