Abstract：
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas are of great interest due to their significant role in forming ground-level ozone and adverse public health effects. Emission inventories usually compile the outdoor VOCs emission sources (e.g., traffic and industrial emissions). However, considering emissions from volatile chemical products (e.g., solvents, printing ink, personal care products) is challenging because of scattered data and the lack of an effective method to estimate the VOCs emission rate from these chemical products. This paper aims to systematically analyse potential sources of VOCs emission in Canada\'s built environment, including volatile chemical products. Also, spatial variation of VOCs level in the ambient atmosphere is examined to understand the VOC relationship with ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation. The study shows that VOCs level may vary among everyday microenvironments (e.g., residential areas, offices, and retail stores) depending on the frequency of product consumption, building age, ventilation condition, and background ambient concentration in the atmosphere. However, it is very difficult to establish VOC speciation and apportionment to different volatile chemical products that contribute most significantly to exposure and target subpopulations with elevated levels. Thus, tracer compounds can be used to identify inventory sources at the consumer end. A critical overview highlights the limitations of existing VOC estimation methods and possible approaches to control VOC emissions. The findings provide crucial information to establish an emission inventory framework for volatile chemical products at a national scale and enable policymakers to limit VOCs emission from various volatile chemical products.
摘要：
城市地区的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）因其在形成地面臭氧和不利的公共卫生影响方面的重要作用而引起人们的极大兴趣。排放清单通常编制室外VOCs排放源(例如，交通和工业排放)。然而,考虑挥发性化学产品的排放(例如，溶剂,印刷油墨,个人护理产品）具有挑战性，因为数据分散且缺乏有效的方法来估算这些化学产品的VOC排放率。本文旨在系统分析加拿大建筑环境中挥发性有机化合物排放的潜在来源，包括挥发性化工产品。此外，研究了环境大气中VOC水平的空间变化，以了解VOC与臭氧和二次有机气溶胶形成的关系。研究表明，挥发性有机化合物的水平可能因日常微环境而异(例如，住宅区,offices,和零售店)取决于产品消费的频率，建筑时代,通风条件,以及大气中的背景环境浓度。然而,很难确定VOC的形态和对不同挥发性化学产品的分配，这些挥发性化学产品对暴露和目标亚群的影响最大。因此，示踪剂化合物可用于识别消费者端的库存来源。关键概述强调了现有VOC估算方法的局限性以及控制VOC排放的可能方法。研究结果为在国家范围内建立挥发性化学产品的排放清单框架提供了重要信息，并使决策者能够限制各种挥发性化学产品的挥发性有机化合物排放。
