Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is the most prevalent electrolyte disorder in the outpatient and inpatient settings. Despite this frequency, hyponatremia, including severe hyponatremia, is frequently underestimated and inadequately treated, thus highlighting the need to produce consensus documents and clinical practice guidelines geared towards improving the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to it in a structured fashion.
METHODS: Members of the Acqua Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN) met using a networking methodology over a period of 20 months (between October 2019 and August 2021) with the aim of discussing and developing an updated guideline for the management of hyponatraemia. A literature search of the available scientific evidence for each section presented in this document was performed.
RESULTS: A document with 8 sections was produced, which sets out to provide updated guidance on the most clinically relevant questions in the management of hyponatraemia. The management of severe hyponatraemia is based on the i.v. administration of a 3% hypertonic solution. For the management of chronic euvolemic hyponatraemia, algorithms for the initiation of treatment with the two pharmacological therapeutic options currently available in Spain are presented: urea and tolvaptan.
CONCLUSIONS: This document sets out to simplify the approach to and the treatment of hyponatraemia, making it easier to learn and thus improve the clinical approach to hyponatremia.
METHODS: Members of the Acqua Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN) met using a networking methodology over a period of 20 months (between October 2019 and August 2021) with the aim of discussing and developing an updated guideline for the management of hyponatraemia. A literature search of the available scientific evidence for each section presented in this document was performed.
RESULTS: A document with 8 sections was produced, which sets out to provide updated guidance on the most clinically relevant questions in the management of hyponatraemia. The management of severe hyponatraemia is based on the i.v. administration of a 3% hypertonic solution. For the management of chronic euvolemic hyponatraemia, algorithms for the initiation of treatment with the two pharmacological therapeutic options currently available in Spain are presented: urea and tolvaptan.
CONCLUSIONS: This document sets out to simplify the approach to and the treatment of hyponatraemia, making it easier to learn and thus improve the clinical approach to hyponatremia.
摘要：
背景：低钠血症是门诊和住院患者中最常见的电解质紊乱。尽管有这样的频率,低钠血症,包括严重的低钠血症,经常被低估和对待不当，因此强调需要制定共识文件和临床实践指南，以结构化方式改善其诊断和治疗方法。
方法：西班牙内分泌与营养学会（SEEN）Acqua小组成员在20个月内（2019年10月至2021年8月）使用网络方法进行了会议，目的是讨论和制定低钠血症管理的最新指南。对本文中提供的每个部分的可用科学证据进行了文献检索。
结果：制作了一份包含8个部分的文件，它旨在提供有关低钠血症管理中最临床相关问题的最新指南。严重低钠血症的管理基于静脉内施用3%高渗溶液。对于慢性低钠血症的治疗，提出了使用西班牙目前可用的两种药物治疗方案开始治疗的算法：尿素和托伐普坦。
结论：本文件旨在简化低钠血症的治疗方法，更容易学习，从而改善低钠血症的临床方法。
方法：西班牙内分泌与营养学会（SEEN）Acqua小组成员在20个月内（2019年10月至2021年8月）使用网络方法进行了会议，目的是讨论和制定低钠血症管理的最新指南。对本文中提供的每个部分的可用科学证据进行了文献检索。
结果：制作了一份包含8个部分的文件，它旨在提供有关低钠血症管理中最临床相关问题的最新指南。严重低钠血症的管理基于静脉内施用3%高渗溶液。对于慢性低钠血症的治疗，提出了使用西班牙目前可用的两种药物治疗方案开始治疗的算法：尿素和托伐普坦。
结论：本文件旨在简化低钠血症的治疗方法，更容易学习，从而改善低钠血症的临床方法。
