Abstract：
The increased use of proton therapy has led to the need of better understanding the cellular mechanisms involved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects induced by the accelerated proton beam in hepatocarcinoma cells. An existing facility in IFIN-HH, a 3 MV Tandetron™ accelerator, was used to irradiate HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells with doses between 0 and 3 Gy. Colony formation was used to assess the influence of radiation on cell long-term replication. Also, the changes induced at the mitochondrial level were shown by increased ROS and ATP levels as well as a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. An increased dose has induced DNA damages and G2/M cell cycle arrest which leads to caspase 3/7 mediated apoptosis and senescence induction. Finally, the morphological and ultrastructural changes were observed at the membrane level and the nucleus of the irradiated cells. Thus, proton irradiation induces both morphological and functional changes in HepG2 cells.
摘要：
质子治疗的使用增加导致需要更好地理解所涉及的细胞机制。本研究的目的是研究加速质子束对肝癌细胞的诱导作用。IFIN-HH的现有设施，3MVTandetron™加速器，用于以0至3Gy的剂量照射HepG2人肝癌细胞。集落形成用于评估辐射对细胞长期复制的影响。此外，在线粒体水平诱导的变化表现为ROS和ATP水平的增加以及线粒体膜电位的降低.增加剂量已诱导DNA损伤和G2/M细胞周期停滞,这导致半胱天冬酶3/7介导的细胞凋亡和衰老诱导。最后,在被照射的细胞膜和细胞核上观察到形态和超微结构的变化。因此，质子辐照诱导HepG2细胞的形态和功能变化。
