Abstract：
Salvia has been regarded as a beneficial healing herb in ancient Egypt, Rome and Greece, and is listed as an official medicine in the pharmacopoeias of many countries worldwide. Currently, Salvia is widely used to flavor and preserve food. Here, two undescribed norabietane-type diterpenoids, sadigitaloides A and B, two undescribed germacrane-type sesquiterpenoids, sadigitaloides C and D, five undescribed guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid lactones, sadigitaloides E-I, two undescribed noreudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids, sadigitaloides J and K, one known diterpenoid, three known sesquiterpenoids, and three other types of known compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plants of Salvia digitaloides. Their structures and absolute configurations were characterized using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, HRESIMS experiments, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Some compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α production in rat macrophage NR8383 cells. Sadigitaloide A showed noticeable anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 100.0 μM. At a concentration of 60 μM, sadigitaloide B exhibited better protection of dopaminergic neurons than the positive control n-butylidenephthalide in the Caenorhabditis elegans model injured by 6-OHDA. The phytotoxic activities of some compounds were attributed to considerable inhibitory effects on the growth of the roots and hypocotyls of Raphanus sativus L seedlings, especially cis, trans-abscisic acid, whose inhibition rates were much higher than those of glyphosate at concentrations ranging from 50 to 400 ppm. These results indicated that abietane-type diterpenoids possessed excellent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities and further suggested that the low-molecular-weight compounds exhibited outstanding phytotoxic activities.
摘要：
丹参在古埃及被认为是一种有益的治疗草药，罗马和希腊,并在世界许多国家的药典中被列为官方药物。目前,丹参广泛用于调味和保存食物。这里,两种未描述的降氮烷型二萜，sadigitaloidesA和B，两种未描述的germacrane型倍半萜，SadigitaloidesC和D，五种未描述的愈创木酯型倍半萜内酯，SadigitaloidesE-I，两种未描述的Noreudesmane型倍半萜，sadigitaloidesJ和K，一种已知的二萜,三种已知的倍半萜，从丹参全植物的95％乙醇提取物中分离出其他三种类型的已知化合物。使用1D和2DNMR光谱技术表征了它们的结构和绝对构型，电子圆二色性(ECD)计算，HRESIMS实验，和单晶X射线衍射分析。评估了一些化合物对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的大鼠巨噬细胞NR8383细胞中TNF-α产生的抗炎活性。SadigitaloideA在100.0μM的浓度下显示出明显的抗炎活性。浓度为60μM时，在由6-OHDA损伤的秀丽隐杆线虫模型中，与阳性对照正丁二苯酞相比，sadigitaloideB对多巴胺能神经元的保护作用更好。某些化合物的植物毒性活性归因于对RaphanussativusL幼苗的根和下胚轴生长的相当大的抑制作用，尤其是顺式,反式脱落酸,在50至400ppm的浓度范围内，其抑制率远高于草甘膦。这些结果表明，松香烷型二萜具有优异的抗炎和神经保护活性，并进一步表明低分子量化合物具有出色的植物毒性活性。
