PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that colonize the interior of plant tissues (e.g. leaves, seeds, stem, trunk, roots, fruits, flowers) in intracellular and/or extracellular spaces without causing symptoms of disease in host plants. These microorganisms have been isolated from plant species in a wide variety of habitats worldwide, and it is estimated that all terrestrial plants are colonized by one or more species of endophytic fungus. In addition, these microorganisms have been drawing the attention of researchers because of their ability to synthesize a wide range of bioactive molecules with potential for applications in agriculture, medicine and biotechnology. However, several obstacles come up when studying the diversity and chemical potential of endophytic fungi. For example, the usage of an inappropriate surface disinfection method for plant tissue may not eliminate the epiphytic microbiota or may end up interfering with the endophytic mycobiota, which consequently generates erroneous results. Moreover, the composition of the culture medium and the culture conditions can favor the growth of certain species and inhibit others, which generates underestimated results. Other inconsistencies can arise from the fungus misidentification and consequent exploration of its chemical potential. Based on the methodological biases that may occur at all stages of studies dealing with endophytic fungi, the objective of this review is to discuss the main methods employed in these studies as well as highlight the challenges derived from the different approaches. We also report associated tips to help future studies on endophytic fungi as a contribution.
摘要：
内生真菌是在植物组织内部定植的微生物（例如叶子，种子,茎,树干,根,水果,花）在细胞内和/或细胞外空间中，而不会在寄主植物中引起疾病症状。这些微生物已经从世界各地各种各样的栖息地的植物物种中分离出来，据估计，所有陆生植物都被一种或多种内生真菌定殖。此外,这些微生物已经吸引了研究人员的注意，因为他们能够合成广泛的生物活性分子，具有在农业中的应用潜力，医学和生物技术。然而,在研究内生真菌的多样性和化学潜力时遇到了一些障碍。例如,对植物组织使用不适当的表面消毒方法可能无法消除附生微生物群，或者可能最终干扰内生真菌群，从而产生错误的结果。此外，培养基的组成和培养条件可以有利于某些物种的生长并抑制其他物种，这会导致结果被低估。真菌的错误识别和随之而来的对其化学潜力的探索可能会引起其他不一致。基于在处理内生真菌的所有研究阶段可能发生的方法学偏差，本综述的目的是讨论这些研究中采用的主要方法，并强调不同方法带来的挑战。我们还报告了相关提示，以帮助未来对内生真菌的研究。
