PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The Mongolian horses have excellent endurance and stress resistance to adapt to the cold and harsh plateau conditions. Intraspecific genetic diversity is mainly embodied in various genetic advantages of different branches of the Mongolian horse. Since people pay progressive attention to the athletic performance of horse, we expect to guide the exercise-oriented breeding of horses through genomics research. We obtained the clean data of 630,535,376,400 bp through the entire genome second-generation sequencing for the whole blood of four Abaga horses and ten Wushen horses. Based on the data analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism, we severally detected that 479 and 943 positively selected genes, particularly exercise related, were mainly enriched on equine chromosome 4 in Abaga horses and Wushen horses, which implied that chromosome 4 may be associated with the evolution of the Mongolian horse and athletic performance. Four hundred and forty genes of positive selection were enriched in 12 exercise-related pathways and narrowed in 21 exercise-related genes in Abaga horse, which were distinguished from Wushen horse. So, we speculated that the Abaga horse may have oriented genes for the motorial mechanism and 21 exercise-related genes also provided a molecular genetic basis for exercise-directed breeding of the Mongolian horse.
摘要：
蒙古马具有优异的耐力和抗压能力，能够适应寒冷和恶劣的高原条件。种内遗传多样性主要体现在蒙古马不同分支的各种遗传优势上。由于人们逐渐重视马的运动表现,我们希望通过基因组学研究指导以运动为导向的马匹育种。我们通过对四匹阿帕加马和十匹乌申马的全血进行全基因组第二代测序，获得了630,535,376,400bp的干净数据。基于单核苷酸多态性的数据分析,我们分别检测到479和943个阳性选择基因，特别是与锻炼有关的，主要富集在马的4号染色体上,这表明4号染色体可能与蒙古马的进化和运动表现有关。在Abaga马的12个运动相关通路中富集了440个阳性选择基因，在21个运动相关基因中缩小了。区别于乌申马。所以,我们推测，Abaga马可能具有运动机制的定向基因，21个运动相关基因也为蒙古马的运动定向育种提供了分子遗传基础。
