PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Monkeypox (MPX) has recently made international headlines for the rapid and simultaneous progression of the disease across the world. This review aims at summarizing the literature available as well as describing the evolution of the disease as it pertains to the cases today along with potential treatments and infection control strategies. To date, more than 76 countries have reported cases in more than 12,261 people. Before this, MPX was a rare zoonotic disease confined to endemic areas in Western and Central Africa with sporadic outbreaks namely in the United States, associated with the import of wild animals from Ghana. However, during the current outbreak, human-to-human transmission has become the primary mode of transmission, raising concerns for unaccounted community spread. Most of these patients did not travel to the endemic areas of Africa, suggesting possible previously underdetected community transmission. Observations from emergent cases have reported that the manifestations of the disease were sometimes atypical from what has been previously described. Young men who have sex with men seem to be the population most vulnerable to infection. Though the disease is currently perceived to be mild in its clinical course, questions that remain unclear and warrant further investigation include potential of humans harboring a genital reservoir of the virus and the possibility of airborne transmission, which has implications for infection control and health of the community at large.
摘要：
猴痘（MPX）最近在全球范围内迅速和同时发展的国际头条新闻。这篇综述旨在总结现有文献，并描述该疾病的演变，因为它涉及到今天的病例以及潜在的治疗和感染控制策略。迄今为止,超过76个国家报告了超过12,261人的病例。在此之前,MPX是一种罕见的人畜共患疾病，仅限于西非和中非的流行地区，在美国有零星爆发。与从加纳进口野生动物有关。然而,在当前爆发期间，人与人之间的传播已成为主要的传播方式，引发对下落不明的社区传播的担忧。这些病人大多没有前往非洲流行地区,表明可能是以前未被检测到的社区传播。从急诊病例的观察报告说，该疾病的表现有时与先前描述的不典型。与男性发生性关系的年轻男性似乎是最容易受到感染的人群。尽管该疾病目前被认为在临床过程中是轻度的，尚不清楚并需要进一步调查的问题包括人类携带病毒生殖器库的可能性以及空气传播的可能性，这对整个社区的感染控制和健康都有影响。
