PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Monkeypox virus (MPXV), genetic closely linked to the notorious variola (smallpox) virus, currently causes several clusters and outbreaks in the areas outside Africa and is noted to be phylogenetically related to the West African clade. To prepare for the upsurge of the cases of monkeypox in the Europe and North America, two vaccines, Jynneos® in the U.S. (Imvamune® in Canada or Imvanex® in the Europe) and ACAM2000® (Acambis, Inc.) initially developed in the smallpox eradication program, can provide protective immunity to monkeypox, and their production and availability are rapidly scaled up in the response to the emerging threat. So far, these two vaccines are recommended for people at a high risk for monkeypox, instead of universal vaccination. Tecovirimat, an inhibitor of extracellular virus formation, and brincidofovir, a lipid conjugate of cidofovir, both are in vitro and in vivo active against MPXV, and are suggested for immunocompromised persons, who are at risk to develop severe diseases. However, current general consensus in the response to the monkeypox outbreak among public health systems is early identification and isolation of infected patients to prevent its spread.
摘要：
猴痘病毒(MPXV),遗传与臭名昭著的天花（天花）病毒密切相关，目前在非洲以外的地区引起了几个集群和爆发，并指出与西非进化枝有关。为欧洲和北美猴痘病例的激增做好准备，两种疫苗，美国的Jynneos®（加拿大的Imvamune®或欧洲的Imvanex®）和ACAM2000®（Acambis，Inc.）最初是在天花根除计划中开发的，能对猴痘提供保护性免疫,它们的生产和可用性在应对新出现的威胁时迅速扩大。到目前为止,这两种疫苗被推荐给猴痘高危人群，而不是普遍接种疫苗。Tecovirimat,细胞外病毒形成的抑制剂，还有Brincidofovir,西多福韦的脂质缀合物，两者在体外和体内都具有抗MPXV的活性，并建议用于免疫功能低下的人，他们有患上严重疾病的风险。然而,目前，公共卫生系统在应对猴痘爆发方面的普遍共识是及早识别和隔离受感染的患者，以防止其传播。
