Abstract：
Supporting therapies that provide stress and pain control of preterm and term newborns infants contribute positively to the neuropsychomotor development. Non-pharmacological interventions that involve manual techniques are described, considering protocols that can be reproduced by physical therapists, with positive and negative outcomes reports.
Systematic review follows PRISMA 2020 statements guidelines. Primary and specific health sciences databases (Science Direct, Pubmed, Scielo, Embase and Scopus) were consulted between October 2021 and May 2022. Articles considered were clinical trials, randomized or not, that included descriptions of the type of intervention as non-pharmacological and that studied the following outcomes: \"pain\" and \"stress\".
Fifteen articles were selected for analysis, reaching a methodological quality of at least 3 on the Jadad Scale for the Quality of Researched Sources. The non-pharmacological therapies most applied in isolation were massage, swaddling or wrapping, gentle touch and kinesthetic stimulation, and the combined therapies were non-nutritive sucking and swaddling, oral sucrose and swaddling, sensory stimulation and familiar odors, and sensory saturation. The outcomes found were relaxation, pain, and stress reduction after the application of painful procedures. The behavioral changes included crying, grimacing, yawning, sneezing, jerky arm or leg movements, startles, and finger flaring. The vital signs included heart rate, blood oxygen saturation level, and pulse respiration.
Combined techniques lead to better results in controlling neonatal pain when compared to isolated techniques. They can be applied both in preterm and term infants in a safe way and are reproducible in any health unit in a simple and economical way.
Systematic review follows PRISMA 2020 statements guidelines. Primary and specific health sciences databases (Science Direct, Pubmed, Scielo, Embase and Scopus) were consulted between October 2021 and May 2022. Articles considered were clinical trials, randomized or not, that included descriptions of the type of intervention as non-pharmacological and that studied the following outcomes: \"pain\" and \"stress\".
Fifteen articles were selected for analysis, reaching a methodological quality of at least 3 on the Jadad Scale for the Quality of Researched Sources. The non-pharmacological therapies most applied in isolation were massage, swaddling or wrapping, gentle touch and kinesthetic stimulation, and the combined therapies were non-nutritive sucking and swaddling, oral sucrose and swaddling, sensory stimulation and familiar odors, and sensory saturation. The outcomes found were relaxation, pain, and stress reduction after the application of painful procedures. The behavioral changes included crying, grimacing, yawning, sneezing, jerky arm or leg movements, startles, and finger flaring. The vital signs included heart rate, blood oxygen saturation level, and pulse respiration.
Combined techniques lead to better results in controlling neonatal pain when compared to isolated techniques. They can be applied both in preterm and term infants in a safe way and are reproducible in any health unit in a simple and economical way.
摘要：
背景：支持为早产儿和足月新生儿提供压力和疼痛控制的治疗对神经精神运动发育有积极作用。描述了涉及手动技术的非药物干预措施，考虑到物理治疗师可以复制的协议，积极和消极的结果报告。
方法：系统审查遵循PRISMA2020声明指南。主要和特定的健康科学数据库(ScienceDirect，Pubmed,Scielo,Embase和Scopus）在2021年10月至2022年5月之间进行了咨询。考虑的文章是临床试验，随机化与否，其中包括对非药物干预类型的描述，并研究了以下结果：“疼痛”和“压力”。
结果：选择了15篇文章进行分析，在研究来源质量的Jadad量表上，方法学质量至少达到3。最常用的非药物疗法是按摩，包裹或包裹，温柔的触摸和动觉刺激，联合疗法是非营养性吸吮和溺水，口服蔗糖和swaddling，感官刺激和熟悉的气味，和感官饱和度。发现的结果是放松，疼痛,和应用痛苦程序后的压力减轻。行为变化包括哭泣，做鬼脸,打哈欠,打喷嚏,手臂或腿部运动不均匀，惊吓,手指燃烧。生命体征包括心率,血氧饱和度,和脉搏呼吸。
结论：与孤立技术相比，联合技术在控制新生儿疼痛方面效果更好。它们可以以安全的方式应用于早产和足月婴儿，并且可以以简单经济的方式在任何健康单位中重现。
方法：系统审查遵循PRISMA2020声明指南。主要和特定的健康科学数据库(ScienceDirect，Pubmed,Scielo,Embase和Scopus）在2021年10月至2022年5月之间进行了咨询。考虑的文章是临床试验，随机化与否，其中包括对非药物干预类型的描述，并研究了以下结果：“疼痛”和“压力”。
结果：选择了15篇文章进行分析，在研究来源质量的Jadad量表上，方法学质量至少达到3。最常用的非药物疗法是按摩，包裹或包裹，温柔的触摸和动觉刺激，联合疗法是非营养性吸吮和溺水，口服蔗糖和swaddling，感官刺激和熟悉的气味，和感官饱和度。发现的结果是放松，疼痛,和应用痛苦程序后的压力减轻。行为变化包括哭泣，做鬼脸,打哈欠,打喷嚏,手臂或腿部运动不均匀，惊吓,手指燃烧。生命体征包括心率,血氧饱和度,和脉搏呼吸。
结论：与孤立技术相比，联合技术在控制新生儿疼痛方面效果更好。它们可以以安全的方式应用于早产和足月婴儿，并且可以以简单经济的方式在任何健康单位中重现。
