Abstract：
Ocean Water Quality (OWQ) monitoring provides insights into the quality of water in marine and near-shore environments. OWQ measurements can contain the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of oceanic waters, where low OWQ values indicate an unhealthy ecosystem. Many parameters of water can be estimated from Remote Sensing (RS) data. Thus, RS offers significant opportunities for monitoring water quality in estuaries, coastal waterways, and the ocean. This paper reviews various RS systems and techniques for OWQ monitoring. It first introduces the common OWQ parameters, followed by the definition of the parameters and techniques of OWQ monitoring with RS techniques. In this study, the following OWQ parameters were reviewed: chlorophyll-a, colored dissolved organic matter, turbidity or total suspended matter/solid, dissolved organic carbon, Secchi disk depth, suspended sediment concentration, and sea surface temperature. This study presents a systematic analysis of the capabilities and types of spaceborne systems (e.g., optical and thermal sensors, passive microwave radiometers, active microwave scatterometers, and altimeters) which are commonly applied to OWQ assessment. The paper also provides a summary of the opportunities and limitations of RS data for spatial and temporal estimation of OWQ. Overall, it was observed that chlorophyll-a and colored dissolved organic matter are the dominant parameters applied to OWQ monitoring. It was also concluded that the data from optical and passive microwave sensors could effectively be applied to estimate OWQ parameters. From a methodological perspective, semi-empirical algorithms generally outperform the other empirical, analytical, and semi-analytical methods for OWQ monitoring.
摘要：
海洋水质（OWQ）监测提供了对海洋和近岸环境中水质的见解。OWQ测量可以包含物理,化学,和海洋水域的生物学特征，其中OWQ值低表明生态系统不健康。可以从遥感（RS）数据估计水的许多参数。因此，RS为监测河口水质提供了重要机会，沿海水道,还有海洋.本文回顾了用于OWQ监测的各种RS系统和技术。首先介绍了常见的OWQ参数,其次是用RS技术定义OWQ监测的参数和技术。在这项研究中,对以下OWQ参数进行了综述：叶绿素a，有色溶解的有机物，浊度或总悬浮物/固体，溶解的有机碳，Secchi圆盘深度,悬浮泥沙浓度,和海面温度。本研究对星载系统的能力和类型进行了系统分析(例如，光学和热传感器，无源微波辐射计，有源微波散射仪，和高度计)，通常用于OWQ评估。本文还总结了RS数据用于OWQ的时空估计的机会和局限性。总的来说,观察到叶绿素a和有色溶解有机物是应用于OWQ监测的主要参数。还得出结论，来自光学和无源微波传感器的数据可以有效地用于估计OWQ参数。从方法论的角度来看，半经验算法通常优于其他经验算法，分析，和OWQ监测的半分析方法。
