Abstract：
Various studies have shown that the microbial proteins are often more stable than belongs to other sources like plant and animal origin. Hence, the interest in microbial enzymes has gained much attention due to many potential applications like bioenergy, biofuel production, biobleaching, bioconversion and so on. Additionally, recent trends revealed that the interest in isolating novel microbes from harsh environments have been the main focus of many scientists for various applications. Basically, industrially important enzymes can be categorized into mainly three groups: carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases. Among those, the enzymes especially carbohydrases involved in production of sugars. Carbohydrases include amylases, xylanases, pectinases, cellulases, chitinases, mannases, laccases, ligninases, lactase, glucanase, and glucose oxidase. Thus, here, an approach has been made to highlight five enzymes namely amylase, cellulase, laccase, pectinase, and xylanase from different sources with special emphasis on their properties, mechanism, applications, production optimization, purification, molecular approaches for its enhanced and stable production, and also biotechnological perspectives of its future development. Also, green and sustainable catalytic conversion strategies using nanoparticles of these enzymes have also been discussed. This review will provide insight into the carbohydrases importance and their usefulness that will help to the researchers working in this field.
摘要：
各种研究表明，微生物蛋白质通常比其他来源如植物和动物来源更稳定。因此，由于许多潜在的应用，如生物能源，对微生物酶的兴趣已经获得了很多关注，生物燃料生产,生物漂白,生物转化等等。此外,最近的趋势表明，从恶劣环境中分离新型微生物的兴趣已经成为许多科学家在各种应用中的主要焦点。基本上,工业上重要的酶可以分为三类：糖酶，蛋白酶，和脂肪酶。其中,酶，特别是参与糖生产的糖酶。碳水化合物酶包括淀粉酶，木聚糖酶,果胶酶,纤维素酶,几丁质酶,甘露聚糖,漆酶,木质素酶,乳糖酶,葡聚糖酶,和葡萄糖氧化酶.因此，在这里，已经采取了一种方法来突出五种酶，即淀粉酶，纤维素酶,漆酶,果胶酶,和来自不同来源的木聚糖酶，特别强调它们的性质，机制，应用程序,生产优化,净化,增强和稳定生产的分子方法，以及生物技术对其未来发展的展望。此外，还讨论了使用这些酶的纳米颗粒的绿色和可持续催化转化策略。这篇综述将提供有关糖酶重要性及其有用性的见解，这将有助于该领域的研究人员。
