PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The aim of this research was to analyse the variability of parasite assemblages on a small spatial scale, by examining carnivore coprolites from the archaeological site Campo Moncada 2 (CM2), Piedra Parada area, Chubut province, Argentina, and comparing the results with those previously obtained from the archaeological site Campo Cerda 1 (CCe1), located in the same area. Six carnivore coprolites from CM2 were analysed: 4 obtained in sub-level 2a and 2 obtained in sub-level 2a/b. Two radiocarbon dates associated with the coprolites placed the samples chronologically between 780 ± 80 and 860 ± 80 years before present. The rehydrated sediments were sieved and then allowed to sediment spontaneously. The sediment was used for parasitological examination under light microscopy. Conservative estimation of total parasite richness resulted in 21 parasitic taxa. The taxa with the highest fecal prevalence (>50%) corresponded to parasites prevalent in modern carnivores (Alaria sp., Toxocara cf. canis, Toxascaris sp., Eucoleus cf. aerophila, Trichuris sp. and Ancylostomatidae gen. sp.). Assuming that the fox coprolites are contemporaneous, the total fecal parasite richness estimated for CM2 and previously for CCe1 was similar. The high total parasite richness found suggests a network of host–parasite relationships that could include regional hunter-gatherers. The results obtained in carnivore coprolites allow us to infer a very diverse biological community in Piedra Parada area, so the regional caves and rockshelters could have a proportional epidemiological importance as parasite exchange nodes.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是在小的空间尺度上分析寄生虫组合的变异性，通过检查考古遗址CampoMoncada2（CM2）的食肉动物coprolites，PiedraParada地区,丘布特省,阿根廷,并将结果与先前从考古遗址CampoCerda1（CCe1）获得的结果进行比较，位于同一地区。分析了来自CM2的六个食肉动物共矿岩：在2a子级获得4个，在2a子级获得2个。与共矿物相关的两个放射性碳年代将样品按时间顺序放置在存在前780±80和860±80年之间。将再水合的沉积物过筛，然后使其自发沉积。沉积物用于光学显微镜下的寄生虫学检查。对总寄生虫丰富度的保守估计导致21个寄生类群。粪便患病率最高（>50％）的分类单元对应于现代食肉动物中普遍存在的寄生虫（Alariasp。,弓形虫cf.Canis,弓形虫sp.,Eucoleuscf.嗜气菌,Trichurissp.和环孢科。sp.).假设狐狸coprolites是同时代的，CM2和之前CCe1估计的粪便寄生虫总丰富度相似.发现的高寄生虫总丰富度表明存在一个宿主-寄生虫关系网络，其中可能包括区域狩猎-采集者。在食肉动物中获得的结果使我们能够推断PiedraParada地区非常多样化的生物群落，因此，区域性洞穴和岩石庇护所可以作为寄生虫交换节点具有一定的流行病学重要性。
