Abstract：
Most species of the class Holothuroidea are able to regenerate most of their internal organs following a typical evisceration process, which is a unique mechanism that allows sea cucumbers to survive in adverse environments. In this review, we compare autotomy among different type of sea cucumber and summarize the histocytological events that occur during the five stages of intestinal regeneration. Multiple cytological activities, such as apoptosis and dedifferentiation, take place during wound healing and anlage formation. Many studies have focused on the molecular regulation mechanisms that underlie regeneration, and herein we describe the techniques that have been used as well as the development-related signaling pathways and key genes that are significantly expressed during intestinal regeneration. Future analyses of the underlying mechanisms responsible for intestinal regeneration should include mapping at the single-cell level. Studies of visceral regeneration in echinoderms provide a unique perspective for understanding whole-body regeneration or appendage regeneration.
摘要：
Holothuroidea类的大多数物种能够在典型的内脏清除过程中再生其大部分内脏器官，这是一种独特的机制，允许海参在不利的环境中生存。在这次审查中,我们比较了不同类型海参的自体切开术，并总结了在肠道再生的五个阶段发生的组织学事件。多种细胞学活动，如细胞凋亡和去分化，发生在伤口愈合和裂隙形成期间。许多研究集中在再生的分子调控机制上，在本文中，我们描述了已经使用的技术以及在肠再生过程中显著表达的发育相关信号通路和关键基因。对负责肠道再生的潜在机制的未来分析应包括在单细胞水平上的定位。棘皮动物内脏再生的研究为理解全身再生或附属物再生提供了独特的视角。
