Abstract：
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of partial replacement of SBM protein with CPR-derived protein in the broiler rearing period from 22 to 42 days of age on the intestinal histomorphology and the composition of the intestinal microbial population. Male broiler chicks aged 1 day were assigned to two groups with different nutrition schemes (n = 100 in each, 5 cages of 20 chicks in each). The chickens were reared for 42 days. All birds were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets: starter (1 to 21 d), grower (22 to 35 d), and finisher (36 to 42 d). From rearing day 22, different diets were provided to the birds: the SBM group received feed with 100% soybean meal protein, and the diet of the CPR group the protein originated from soybean meal was replaced by 50% chickpea protein. The study results indicated a significant impact of the inclusion of CPR in the diet on the basic intestinal structures (thickness of myenteron: submucosa, jejunum and duodenum mucosa, and jejunum transversal lamina). The addition of CPR led to shortening of intestinal villi, an increase in villus thickness, and reduced intestine absorptive surface in the duodenum and jejunum. The CPR group exhibited a significantly lower villus length-to-crypt depth ratio in the jejunum (p < 0.001). The inclusion of chickpeas in the diet increased the total count of mesophilic bacteria and coliforms in the intestinal contents (p < 0.05). In summary, it has been demonstrated that the inclusion of CPR in the diet induced considerable disturbances in metabolism and intestinal structure. Although CPR is a cheap protein source, its use in poultry diet does not ensure development of the intestinal structure comparable to that in the case of an SBM-only diet.
摘要：
该研究的目的是确定在22至42日龄的肉鸡饲养期用CPR衍生蛋白部分替代SBM蛋白对肠组织形态学和肠道微生物种群组成的影响。将1日龄的雄性肉鸡分为两组，采用不同的营养方案（每组n=100，5个笼子，每个笼子里有20只小鸡）。将鸡饲养42天。所有鸟类均饲喂等氮和等能量饮食：起子（1至21天），种植者（22至35天），和修整器（36至42d）。从饲养第22天开始，向鸟类提供不同的饮食：SBM组接受含有100％豆粕蛋白的饲料，CPR组的饮食中，来自豆粕的蛋白质被50％的鹰嘴豆蛋白代替。研究结果表明，饮食中包含CPR对基本肠道结构（肠道厚度：粘膜下层，空肠和十二指肠粘膜，和空肠横向椎板）。CPR的添加导致肠绒毛缩短，绒毛厚度增加，十二指肠和空肠的肠吸收表面减少。CPR组显示空肠绒毛长度与隐窝深度之比显著较低(p<0.001)。饮食中包含鹰嘴豆增加了肠内容物中嗜温菌和大肠杆菌的总数(p<0.05)。总之,已经证明，在饮食中包含CPR会引起代谢和肠道结构的相当大的紊乱。虽然CPR是一种廉价的蛋白质来源，其在家禽饮食中的使用不能确保与仅SBM饮食的情况下相当的肠道结构的发展。
