PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The gut microbiota is closely associated with the health and production performance of livestock. Partial studies on ruminant microbiota are already in progress in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) in China, but large-scale and representative profiles for the QTPA are still lacking. Here, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze 340 samples from yak, cattle, yak-cattle hybrids, and Tibetan sheep, which lived in a shared environment from 4 eco-regions of the QTPA during the same season, and aimed to investigate the fecal microbiota community composition, diversity, and potential function. All samples were clustered into 2 enterotypes, which were derived from the genera Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and Acinetobacter, respectively. Environment, human activity, species, and parasitization all affected the fecal microbiota. By assessing the relationship between the fecal microbiota and the above variables, we identified a scattered pattern of fecal microbiota dissimilarity based more significantly on diet over other factors. Additionally, gastrointestinal nematode infection could reduce the capacity of the bacterial community for biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, carbohydrate metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Ultimately, this study provided a fecal microbiota profile for ruminants living in 4 eco-regions of the QTPA and its potential future applications in developing animal husbandry regimes. IMPORTANCE Cattle, yak, and sheep reside as the main ruminants distributed throughout most regions of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) in China. However, there is a lack of large-scale research in the QTPA on their fecal microbiota, which can regulate and reflect host health as an internalized \"microbial organ.\" Our study depicted the fecal microbiota community composition and diversity of yak, cattle, yak-cattle hybrids, and Tibetan sheep from 4 eco-regions of the QTPA. Additionally, our results demonstrated here that the ruminant samples could be clustered into 2 enterotypes and that diet outweighed other factors in shaping fecal microbiota in the QTPA. This study provided a basis for understanding the microbiota characteristic of ruminants and its possible applications for livestock production in the QTPA.
摘要：
肠道菌群与家畜的健康和生产性能密切相关。在中国的青藏高原地区（QTPA），反刍动物微生物群的部分研究已经在进行中，但QTPA的大规模和代表性的概况仍然缺乏。这里,16SrRNA测序用于分析牦牛的340个样本，牛,牦牛杂种,和藏羊,在同一季节生活在QTPA的4个生态区的共享环境中，并旨在调查粪便微生物群落组成，多样性,和潜在的功能。所有样本均分为2种肠型，它们来自RuminococaceaeUCG-005和不动杆菌，分别。环境,人类活动,物种,和寄生都影响了粪便微生物群。通过评估粪便微生物群与上述变量之间的关系，我们发现,与其他因素相比,基于饮食的粪便微生物群差异更为显著.此外,胃肠道线虫感染可降低细菌群落生物合成其他次生代谢产物的能力,碳水化合物代谢，和核苷酸代谢。最终,这项研究提供了生活在QTPA4个生态区的反刍动物的粪便微生物区系概况，及其在发展畜牧业制度中的潜在未来应用。重要牛,牦牛,绵羊是主要的反刍动物，分布在中国青藏高原（QTPA）的大部分地区。然而,QTPA缺乏对其粪便微生物群的大规模研究，它可以作为一个内化的微生物器官来调节和反映宿主的健康。“我们的研究描绘了牦牛粪便微生物群落组成和多样性，牛,牦牛杂种,和来自QTPA4个生态区的藏羊。此外,我们的结果在此表明,反刍动物样本可以分为2种肠型,并且在QTPA中形成粪便微生物群方面,饮食超过了其他因素.这项研究为了解反刍动物的微生物群特征及其在QTPA中的可能应用提供了基础。
