PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Rapid weight loss (RWL) followed by rapid weight gain (RWG) is a regular pre-competition routine in combat sports and weightlifting. With the prevalence of these sports exceeding 20% at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, there are limited data on RWL and RWG practices and their impact on well-being and competitive success in elite-level athletes.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 138 elite-level female and male judokas, 7.7% of the athletes ranked as top 150 on the International Judo Federation Senior World Ranking List (WRL), completed a survey on RWL, RWG, and the consequences of these practices.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings showed that 96% of the respondents practice RWL. The average reduced body mass percentage was 5.8 ± 2.3%. Respondents who used either of the dehydration methods - fluid restriction, sauna suit, and/or sauna/hot bath - to reduce weight were 88%, 85%, and 76%, respectively. Furthermore, 91% of the respondents reported reduced energy as a negative consequence of RWL and 21% experienced a collapse episode during the RWL period. Respondents ranked 1-20 on the WRL experienced fewer negative consequences of RWL and RWG (p = 0.002) and had more dietitian and/or medical doctor support (p = 0.040) than lower-ranked respondents. Those who started with RWL practices before the age of 16 (38%) were ranked lower on the WRL (p = 0.004) and reported more negative consequences of RWL and RWG (p = 0.014).
UNASSIGNED: This study is the first to provide insight into the RWL practices of worldwide elite-level judokas and provides valuable information for the combat sports society, especially coaches. Proper weight management and optimal timed initiation of RWL practices in a judoka\'s career may contribute to success at the elite level.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 138 elite-level female and male judokas, 7.7% of the athletes ranked as top 150 on the International Judo Federation Senior World Ranking List (WRL), completed a survey on RWL, RWG, and the consequences of these practices.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings showed that 96% of the respondents practice RWL. The average reduced body mass percentage was 5.8 ± 2.3%. Respondents who used either of the dehydration methods - fluid restriction, sauna suit, and/or sauna/hot bath - to reduce weight were 88%, 85%, and 76%, respectively. Furthermore, 91% of the respondents reported reduced energy as a negative consequence of RWL and 21% experienced a collapse episode during the RWL period. Respondents ranked 1-20 on the WRL experienced fewer negative consequences of RWL and RWG (p = 0.002) and had more dietitian and/or medical doctor support (p = 0.040) than lower-ranked respondents. Those who started with RWL practices before the age of 16 (38%) were ranked lower on the WRL (p = 0.004) and reported more negative consequences of RWL and RWG (p = 0.014).
UNASSIGNED: This study is the first to provide insight into the RWL practices of worldwide elite-level judokas and provides valuable information for the combat sports society, especially coaches. Proper weight management and optimal timed initiation of RWL practices in a judoka\'s career may contribute to success at the elite level.
摘要：
■快速减肥（RWL）然后快速增加体重（RWG）是格斗运动和举重的常规赛前常规程序。在2020年东京奥运会上，这些运动的患病率超过20%，关于RWL和RWG实践及其对精英级别运动员的幸福感和竞争成功的影响的数据有限。
■共有138名精英级别的男女柔道运动员，7.7%的运动员在国际柔道联合会高级世界排行榜(WRL)排名前150名,完成了对RWL的调查，RWG,以及这些做法的后果。
■我们的调查结果表明，96%的受访者使用RWL。平均降低的体重百分比为5.8±2.3%。使用任何一种脱水方法-液体限制的受访者，桑拿套装,和/或桑拿浴/热水澡-减轻体重88％，85%,76%,分别。此外，91％的受访者报告说，RWL的负面后果是能量减少，而21％的受访者在RWL期间经历了塌陷事件。与排名较低的受访者相比，在WRL中排名1-20的受访者经历了RWL和RWG的负面影响较少（p=0.002），并且获得了更多的营养师和/或医生支持（p=0.040）。那些在16岁之前开始使用RWL的人（38％）在WRL中排名较低（p=0.004），并且报告了RWL和RWG的负面后果（p=0.014）。
■这项研究首次提供了对全球精英级柔道运动员RWL实践的见解，并为格斗体育社会提供了有价值的信息，尤其是教练。在柔道运动员的职业生涯中，适当的体重管理和RWL实践的最佳定时启动可能有助于精英水平的成功。
■共有138名精英级别的男女柔道运动员，7.7%的运动员在国际柔道联合会高级世界排行榜(WRL)排名前150名,完成了对RWL的调查，RWG,以及这些做法的后果。
■我们的调查结果表明，96%的受访者使用RWL。平均降低的体重百分比为5.8±2.3%。使用任何一种脱水方法-液体限制的受访者，桑拿套装,和/或桑拿浴/热水澡-减轻体重88％，85%,76%,分别。此外，91％的受访者报告说，RWL的负面后果是能量减少，而21％的受访者在RWL期间经历了塌陷事件。与排名较低的受访者相比，在WRL中排名1-20的受访者经历了RWL和RWG的负面影响较少（p=0.002），并且获得了更多的营养师和/或医生支持（p=0.040）。那些在16岁之前开始使用RWL的人（38％）在WRL中排名较低（p=0.004），并且报告了RWL和RWG的负面后果（p=0.014）。
■这项研究首次提供了对全球精英级柔道运动员RWL实践的见解，并为格斗体育社会提供了有价值的信息，尤其是教练。在柔道运动员的职业生涯中，适当的体重管理和RWL实践的最佳定时启动可能有助于精英水平的成功。
