PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) is widely used as a food ingredient. Rosemary extract (containing 40% carnosic acid) exhibited potent antiobesity activity. However, the relationship between carnosic acid (CA) and changes in the gut microbiota of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice has not been fully investigated. C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet, an HFD, or an HFD containing 0.1% or 0.2% CA for 10 weeks. CA exhibited promising antiobesity effects and caused marked alterations in the gut microbiota of HFD-induced obese mice. CA caused the prevalence of probiotics and functional bacteria, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Muribaculaceae unclassified, and Clostridium innocuum group, and inhibited diabetes-sensitive bacteria, including Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was regulated by CA in a dose-dependent manner, decreasing it from 13.22% to 2.42%. Additionally, CA reduced bile acid-metabolizing bacteria, such as Bilophila, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Leuconostoc. The results of the linear discriminant analysis and effect size analysis indicated that CA attenuated the microbial changes caused by HFD. The high CA (HCA) group (HFD containing 0.2% CA) exhibited a greater abundance of Verrucomicrobiae (including Akkermansia muciniphila, genus Akkermansia, family Akkermansiaceae, and order Verrucomicrobiales), Eubacterium, and Erysipelatoclostridium, and the low CA (LCA) group (HFD containing 0.1% CA) exhibited a greater abundance of Eisenbergiella, Intestinimonas, and Ruminococcaceae. Our results demonstrate that the antiobesity effects of CA might be strongly related to its prebiotic effects.
摘要：
迷迭香（迷迭香）被广泛用作食品成分。迷迭香提取物(含有40%鼠尾草酸)表现出有效的抗肥胖活性。然而,鼠尾草酸（CA）与高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖小鼠肠道菌群变化之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。C57BL/6小鼠饲喂正常饮食，HFD,或含0.1%或0.2%CA的HFD持续10周。CA表现出有希望的抗肥胖作用，并导致HFD诱导的肥胖小鼠的肠道微生物群发生明显变化。CA导致益生菌和功能性细菌的流行，包括Akkermansiamuciniphila,Muribaculaceae未分类，和梭菌无毒组，抑制对糖尿病敏感的细菌，包括变形杆菌和Firmicutes。Firmicutes与拟杆菌的比例受CA以剂量依赖性方式调节，从13.22%降至2.42%。此外,CA减少胆汁酸代谢细菌，比如双歧杆菌，梭菌属,乳酸菌,和Leuconostoc.线性判别分析和效应大小分析的结果表明，CA减弱了HFD引起的微生物变化。高CA（HCA）组（含0.2％CA的HFD）表现出更多的Verrucomicroae（包括Akkermansiamuciniphila，Akkermansia属,Akkermansiaceae，并订购Verrucomicrobiales)，真细菌,和丹毒病菌,低CA（LCA）组（含0.1%CA的HFD）表现出更多的艾森伯氏菌，肠单胞菌,和反刍动物科。我们的结果表明，CA的抗肥胖作用可能与其益生元作用密切相关。
