Abstract：
Members of the anaerobic gut fungi (Neocallimastigomycota) reside in the rumen and alimentary tract of larger mammalian and some reptilian, marsupial and avian herbivores. The recent decade has witnessed a significant expansion in the number of described Neocallimastigomycota genera and species. However, the difficulties associated with the isolation and maintenance of Neocallimastigomycota strains has greatly complicated comparative studies to resolve inter- and intra-genus relationships. Here, we provide an updated outline of Neocallimastigomycota taxonomy. We critically evaluate various morphological, microscopic and phylogenetic traits previously and currently utilized in Neocallimastigomycota taxonomy, and provide an updated key for quick characterization of all genera. We then synthesize data from taxa description manuscripts, prior comparative efforts and molecular sequence data to present an updated list of Neocallimastigomycota genera and species, with an emphasis on resolving relationships and identifying synonymy between recent and historic strains. We supplement data from published manuscripts with information and illustrations from strains in the authors\' collections. Twenty genera and 36 species are recognized, but the status of 10 species in the genera Caecomyces, Piromyces, Anaeromyces and Cyllamyces remains uncertain due to the unavailability of culture and conferre (cf.) strains, lack of sequence data, and/or inadequacy of available microscopic and phenotypic data. Six cases of synonymy are identified in the genera Neocallimastix and Caecomyces, and two names in the genus Piromyces are rejected based on apparent misclassification.
摘要：
厌氧肠真菌（Neocallimastigomcota）的成员位于较大哺乳动物和某些爬行动物的瘤胃和消化道中，有袋动物和鸟类食草动物。在最近的十年中，所描述的Neocallimastigomcota属和种的数量显着增加。然而,与分离和维持新念珠菌菌株相关的困难使解决种间和种内关系的比较研究变得非常复杂。这里,我们提供了新食环菌分类学的最新大纲。我们批判性地评估各种形态学，微观和系统发育特征，以前和目前在新allimastigomcota分类学中使用，并为所有属的快速表征提供更新的密钥。然后我们从分类群描述手稿中合成数据，先前的比较工作和分子序列数据，以提供最新的新马甲属和物种列表，强调解决关系并确定最近和历史菌株之间的同义词。我们用作者收藏中菌株的信息和插图来补充已发表手稿的数据。20属36种被认定,但是盲肠属的10个物种的状况，Piromyces,由于无法获得培养物和供养物，厌氧酵母和Cyllamyces仍然不确定（参见)菌株，缺少序列数据，和/或可用的微观和表型数据不足。在Neocallimastix和Caecomyces属中发现了6例同义词，并且根据明显的错误分类拒绝了Piromyces属中的两个名称。
