Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: to provide an outline of the factors mainly influencing severe disease and fatal outcome among Italian COVID-19 patients in the pre-vaccination phase, also describing the impact of the scenarios driven by variants, vaccines, and available therapies.
METHODS: a literature search was carried out for peer-reviewed articles searching for COVID-19 and prognosis, including severe disease and death.
METHODS: Italian patients with COVID-19.
METHODS: the association between risk factors and severe disease and death as the main outcomes was assessed through epidemiological measures, including relative risk, odds ratio, and hazard ratio.
RESULTS: advanced age, obesity, overweight, non-0 blood group, and male gender were the factors more associated with severe disease. Fatal outcome mostly correlated with old age, non-0 blood group, and obesity, together with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and acute kidney injury.
CONCLUSIONS: clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the Italian population, integrated with omics data, could be highly valuable to stratify risk of worse prognosis among patients, and to address targeted prevention and treatment interventions.
METHODS: a literature search was carried out for peer-reviewed articles searching for COVID-19 and prognosis, including severe disease and death.
METHODS: Italian patients with COVID-19.
METHODS: the association between risk factors and severe disease and death as the main outcomes was assessed through epidemiological measures, including relative risk, odds ratio, and hazard ratio.
RESULTS: advanced age, obesity, overweight, non-0 blood group, and male gender were the factors more associated with severe disease. Fatal outcome mostly correlated with old age, non-0 blood group, and obesity, together with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and acute kidney injury.
CONCLUSIONS: clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the Italian population, integrated with omics data, could be highly valuable to stratify risk of worse prognosis among patients, and to address targeted prevention and treatment interventions.
摘要：
目的：概述意大利COVID-19疫苗接种前患者严重疾病和致命结局的主要影响因素，还描述了由变体驱动的场景的影响，疫苗,和可用的疗法。
方法：对同行评审的文章进行了文献检索，以检索COVID-19和预后，包括严重的疾病和死亡。
方法：意大利COVID-19患者。
方法：通过流行病学措施评估危险因素与以严重疾病和死亡为主要结局的相关性。包括相对风险，赔率比,和危险比。
结果：高龄，肥胖，超重,非0血型,男性是与严重疾病相关的因素。死亡结局主要与老年有关，非0血型,肥胖，连同心血管疾病，糖尿病,高血压,癌症,慢性肾病,和急性肾损伤。
结论：意大利人群的临床和流行病学特征，与组学数据集成，对患者预后较差的风险进行分层可能非常有价值，并解决有针对性的预防和治疗干预措施。
方法：对同行评审的文章进行了文献检索，以检索COVID-19和预后，包括严重的疾病和死亡。
方法：意大利COVID-19患者。
方法：通过流行病学措施评估危险因素与以严重疾病和死亡为主要结局的相关性。包括相对风险，赔率比,和危险比。
结果：高龄，肥胖，超重,非0血型,男性是与严重疾病相关的因素。死亡结局主要与老年有关，非0血型,肥胖，连同心血管疾病，糖尿病,高血压,癌症,慢性肾病,和急性肾损伤。
结论：意大利人群的临床和流行病学特征，与组学数据集成，对患者预后较差的风险进行分层可能非常有价值，并解决有针对性的预防和治疗干预措施。
