PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Crop domestication is a co-evolutionary process that has rendered plants and animals significantly dependent on human interventions for survival and propagation. Grain legumes have played an important role in the development of Neolithic agriculture some 12,000 years ago. Despite being early companions of cereals in the origin and evolution of agriculture, the understanding of grain legume domestication has lagged behind that of cereals. Adapting plants for human use has resulted in distinct morpho-physiological changes between the wild ancestors and domesticates, and this distinction has been the focus of several studies aimed at understanding the domestication process and the genetic diversity bottlenecks created. Growing evidence from research on archeological remains, combined with genetic analysis and the geographical distribution of wild forms, has improved the resolution of the process of domestication, diversification and crop improvement. In this review, we summarize the significance of legume wild relatives as reservoirs of novel genetic variation for crop breeding programs. We describe key legume features, which evolved in response to anthropogenic activities. Here, we highlight how whole genome sequencing and incorporation of omics-level data have expanded our capacity to monitor the genetic changes accompanying these processes. Finally, we present our perspective on alternative routes centered on de novo domestication and re-domestication to impart significant agronomic advances of novel crops over existing commodities. A finely resolved domestication history of grain legumes will uncover future breeding targets to develop modern cultivars enriched with alleles that improve yield, quality and stress tolerance.
摘要：
作物驯化是一个共同进化的过程，使植物和动物的生存和繁殖显着依赖人类干预。大约12000年前，谷物豆类在新石器时代农业的发展中发挥了重要作用。尽管在农业的起源和发展中是谷物的早期伴侣，对谷物豆类驯化的理解已经落后于谷物。适应人类使用的植物导致野生祖先和驯养动物之间明显的形态生理变化，这种区别一直是一些旨在了解驯化过程和遗传多样性瓶颈的研究的重点。考古遗迹研究的证据越来越多，结合遗传分析和野生形态的地理分布，提高了驯化过程的分辨率，多样化和作物改良。在这次审查中,我们首先总结了豆科植物野生近缘种作为作物育种计划中新型遗传变异库的意义。然后我们描述关键的豆类特征，它是响应人为活动而进化的。在这里，我们强调了全基因组测序和组学水平数据的整合如何扩大了我们监测伴随这些过程的遗传变化的能力。最后,我们提出了我们对替代路线的看法，该路线以从头驯化和重新驯化为中心，以使新型作物相对于现有商品具有显着的农艺进步。谷物豆科植物的精细驯化历史将揭示未来的育种目标，以开发富含等位基因的现代品种，从而提高产量，质量和应力耐受性。
