Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP) mediates embryonic transfer, regulates microtubules, and is associated with the biological behavior of various cancers. However, there is limited information on the role of TROAP in glioma.
RESULTS: We obtained clinical information on 1948 patients with glioma from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas. Basal assays were used to measure changes in TROAP expression levels in high-grade glioma cell lines and in normal human astrocytes. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed that TROAP expression was higher in glioma cell lines than in normal astrocytes. The expression level of TROAP in 749 glioma was significantly higher than that in 228 normal brain tissues using Student\'s t test. The expression of TROAP has a positive relationship with the clinical characteristics of poor prognosis, such as WHO grade, age and has negatively correlated with the indicators of beneficial prognosis, such as IDH mutation and 1p19q co-deletion. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, single multifactor analysis were used to analyze correlations between TROAP and clinical features and prognosis of gliomas. In addition, TROAP overexpression was an independent risk factor for glioma and was associated with reduced overall survival of patients with glioma particularly in patients with WHO grade III and grade IV glioma. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that homologous recombination, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathways were enriched in samples overexpressing TROAP.
CONCLUSIONS: TROAP is a potential risk factor associated with poor prognosis in patients with glioma and may act as a highly specific biomarker, offering the possibility of individualized glioma treatment.
RESULTS: We obtained clinical information on 1948 patients with glioma from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas. Basal assays were used to measure changes in TROAP expression levels in high-grade glioma cell lines and in normal human astrocytes. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed that TROAP expression was higher in glioma cell lines than in normal astrocytes. The expression level of TROAP in 749 glioma was significantly higher than that in 228 normal brain tissues using Student\'s t test. The expression of TROAP has a positive relationship with the clinical characteristics of poor prognosis, such as WHO grade, age and has negatively correlated with the indicators of beneficial prognosis, such as IDH mutation and 1p19q co-deletion. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, single multifactor analysis were used to analyze correlations between TROAP and clinical features and prognosis of gliomas. In addition, TROAP overexpression was an independent risk factor for glioma and was associated with reduced overall survival of patients with glioma particularly in patients with WHO grade III and grade IV glioma. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that homologous recombination, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathways were enriched in samples overexpressing TROAP.
CONCLUSIONS: TROAP is a potential risk factor associated with poor prognosis in patients with glioma and may act as a highly specific biomarker, offering the possibility of individualized glioma treatment.
摘要：
背景：Trophinin相关蛋白（TROAP）介导胚胎移植，调节微管，并与各种癌症的生物学行为有关。然而,关于TROAP在神经胶质瘤中的作用的信息有限。
结果：我们从癌症基因组图谱中获得了1948例神经胶质瘤患者的临床信息，基因表达综合与中国胶质瘤基因组图谱.基础测定法用于测量高级别神经胶质瘤细胞系和正常人星形胶质细胞中TROAP表达水平的变化。定量逆转录聚合酶链反应分析表明，神经胶质瘤细胞系中的TROAP表达高于正常星形胶质细胞。TROAP在749例胶质瘤中的表达水平显著高于228例正常脑组织。TROAP的表达与不良预后的临床特点呈正相关，例如世卫组织的等级，年龄与有益预后指标呈负相关，如IDH突变和1p19q共缺失。Kaplan-Meier存活曲线,单因素分析TROAP与胶质瘤临床特征及预后的相关性。此外,TROAP过度表达是神经胶质瘤的独立危险因素，并且与神经胶质瘤患者的总体生存率降低有关，特别是在WHOIII级和IV级神经胶质瘤患者中。基因集富集分析表明,同源重组,细胞周期,和p53信号通路在过表达TROAP的样品中富集。
结论：TROAP是与胶质瘤患者预后不良相关的潜在危险因素，可能是一种高度特异性的生物标志物。提供个体化治疗胶质瘤的可能性。
结果：我们从癌症基因组图谱中获得了1948例神经胶质瘤患者的临床信息，基因表达综合与中国胶质瘤基因组图谱.基础测定法用于测量高级别神经胶质瘤细胞系和正常人星形胶质细胞中TROAP表达水平的变化。定量逆转录聚合酶链反应分析表明，神经胶质瘤细胞系中的TROAP表达高于正常星形胶质细胞。TROAP在749例胶质瘤中的表达水平显著高于228例正常脑组织。TROAP的表达与不良预后的临床特点呈正相关，例如世卫组织的等级，年龄与有益预后指标呈负相关，如IDH突变和1p19q共缺失。Kaplan-Meier存活曲线,单因素分析TROAP与胶质瘤临床特征及预后的相关性。此外,TROAP过度表达是神经胶质瘤的独立危险因素，并且与神经胶质瘤患者的总体生存率降低有关，特别是在WHOIII级和IV级神经胶质瘤患者中。基因集富集分析表明,同源重组,细胞周期,和p53信号通路在过表达TROAP的样品中富集。
结论：TROAP是与胶质瘤患者预后不良相关的潜在危险因素，可能是一种高度特异性的生物标志物。提供个体化治疗胶质瘤的可能性。
