Abstract：
Growth deviating from the norm during childhood has been associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity later in life. In this study, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGSs) for AN and BMI are associated with growth trajectories spanning the first two decades of life. AN PGSs and BMI PGSs were calculated for participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 8,654). Using generalized (mixed) linear models, we associated PGSs with trajectories of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and bone mineral density (BMD). Female participants with AN PGSs one standard deviation (SD) higher had, on average, 0.004% slower growth in BMI between the ages 6.5 and 24 years and a 0.4% slower gain in BMD between the ages 10 and 24 years. Higher BMI PGSs were associated with faster growth for BMI, FMI, LMI, BMD, and weight trajectories in both sexes throughout childhood. Female participants with both a high AN PGS and a low BMI PGS showed slower growth compared to those with both a low AN PGS and a low BMI PGS. We conclude that AN PGSs and BMI PGSs have detectable sex-specific effects on growth trajectories. Female participants with a high AN PGS and low BMI PGS likely constitute a high-risk group for AN, as their growth was slower compared to their peers with high PGSs on both traits. Further research is needed to better understand how the AN PGS and the BMI PGS co-influence growth during childhood and whether a high BMI PGS can mitigate the effects of a high AN PGS.
摘要：
儿童时期的生长偏离正常水平与以后生活中的神经性厌食症（AN）和肥胖有关。在这项研究中,我们研究了AN和BMI的多基因评分(PGSs)是否与生命最初20年的生长轨迹相关.计算了Avon父母和子女纵向研究（ALSPAC；n=8,654）参与者的PGSs和BMIPGSs。使用广义(混合)线性模型，我们将PGS与重量轨迹相关联，高度,体重指数（BMI），脂肪质量指数（FMI），瘦质量指数（LMI），和骨矿物质密度（BMD）。ANPGSs的女性参与者有一个标准差(SD)较高，平均而言,在6.5至24岁之间，BMI增长缓慢0.004％，在10至24岁之间，BMD增长缓慢0.4％。较高的BMIPGSs与较快的BMI增长相关，FMI,LMI,BMD,以及童年时期两性的体重轨迹。与具有低ANPGS和低BMIPGS的女性参与者相比，具有高ANPGS和低BMIPGS的女性参与者表现出较慢的增长。我们得出的结论是，ANPGSs和BMIPGSs对生长轨迹具有可检测的性别特异性影响。具有高ANPGS和低BMIPGS的女性参与者可能构成AN的高危人群。因为与在这两个性状上具有高PGS的同龄人相比，它们的生长较慢。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解ANPGS和BMIPGS如何共同影响儿童期的生长，以及高BMIPGS是否可以减轻高ANPGS的影响。
