Abstract：
Infection caused by human parvovirus B19 (B19) often has mild yet wide-ranging clinical signs, with the course of disease usually defined as benign. Particularly prevalent in the population of young children, the virus is commonly transmitted to the parents, especially to susceptible mothers. During pregnancy, particularly the first and second trimesters, parvovirus infection can lead to pathology of the fetus: anemia, heart failure, hydrops, and disorders of physical and neurological development. In severe cases, the disease can result in fetal demise. This article presents a rare case of manifestation of B19 infection during pregnancy. At the 27th week of gestation, a sudden change in fetal movement occurred in a previously healthy pregnancy. The examination of both fetus and the mother revealed newly formed fetal subdural hematoma of unknown etiology and ventriculomegaly. Following extensive examination to ascertain the origin of fetal pathology, a maternal B19 infection was detected. Due to worsening fetal condition, a planned cesarean section was performed to terminate the pregnancy at 31 weeks of gestation. A preterm male newborn was delivered in a critical condition with congenital B19 infection, hydrocephalus, and severe progressive encephalopathy. The manifestation and the origin of the fetal condition remain partially unclear. The transplacental transmission of maternal B19 infection to the fetus occurs in approximately 30% of cases. The main method for diagnosing B19 infection is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) performed on blood serum. In the absence of clinical manifestations, the early diagnosis of B19 infection is rarely achieved. As a result, the disease left untreated can progress inconspicuously and cause serious complications. Treatment strategies are limited and depend on the condition of the pregnant woman and the fetus. When applicable, intrauterine blood transfusion reduces the risk of fetal mortality. It is crucial to assess the predisposing factors of the infection and evaluate signs of early manifestation, as this may help prevent the progression and poor outcomes of the disease.
摘要：
由人细小病毒B19（B19）引起的感染通常具有轻度但广泛的临床体征，病程通常被定义为良性的。在幼儿人群中尤其普遍，这种病毒通常传播给父母，尤其是易感母亲。在怀孕期间,特别是第一和第二三个月，细小病毒感染可导致胎儿病理：贫血，心力衰竭,积水,身体和神经发育障碍。在严重的情况下,这种疾病会导致胎儿死亡。本文介绍了一例罕见的妊娠期B19感染表现。在妊娠的第27周，在以前健康的怀孕中，胎动突然改变。胎儿和母亲的检查均显示新形成的胎儿硬膜下血肿，病因不明，脑室扩大。经过广泛的检查以确定胎儿病理的起源，检测到母体B19感染.由于胎儿状况恶化,在妊娠31周时实施计划剖宫产终止妊娠.一名早产男性新生儿在先天性B19感染的危重情况下分娩，脑积水,和严重的进行性脑病.胎儿状况的表现和起源仍部分不清楚。母体B19感染经胎盘传播给胎儿的病例大约有30%。诊断B19感染的主要方法是对血清进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）。在没有临床表现的情况下，B19感染的早期诊断很少。因此,未经治疗的疾病可能进展不明显，并导致严重的并发症。治疗策略是有限的，取决于孕妇和胎儿的状况。如果适用,宫内输血可降低胎儿死亡的风险.评估感染的诱发因素和评估早期表现的迹象至关重要。因为这可能有助于预防疾病的进展和不良结局。
