Abstract：
The effects of asphaltenes on the photolytic and toxic behavior of petroleum oil on seawater was investigated by exposing five original oils and their maltenes to solar irradiation for seven days. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) experienced the fastest photo-oxidation, but negligible photolytic loss was observed for most normal alkanes and all the petroleum biomarkers from tri-cyclic to pentyl-cyclic terpanes in the test total oil and maltenes. The removal of most PAHs from some maltenes was greater than the corresponding total oils. Deasphalting process did not affect the characteristics of naphthenic acid fraction components (NAFCs) in all control samples. In all test oils, solar irradiation formed abundant NAFCs, in particular those only containing oxygen as the heteroatoms (Oo species). The formed Oo species were abundant in congeners having highly saturated congeners, and shifted to a lighter carbon number after exposed. Deasphalting process significantly enhanced the formation of Oo species (o from 2 to 4) for all test oils, in particular for the Cold Lake Blend and Bunker C. The toxicity of exposed maltenes was generally higher than the exposed total oil for most oils, suggesting the aqueous toxicity level was positively related to the formed NAFC intermediates.
摘要：
通过将五种原始油及其麦芽烯暴露于阳光照射7天，研究了沥青质对石油在海水上的光解和毒性行为的影响。多环芳烃（PAHs）经历了最快的光氧化，但是在测试总油和麦芽烯中，大多数正常烷烃和从三环到戊基环的所有石油生物标志物的光解损失可忽略不计。从某些麦芽烯中去除大多数PAHs大于相应的总油。脱沥青过程不会影响所有对照样品中环烷酸馏分组分（NAFC）的特征。在所有测试油中，太阳辐射形成了丰富的NAFC，特别是那些仅含有氧作为杂原子的物质(Oo种类)。形成的Oo物种在具有高度饱和同源物的同源物中丰富，暴露后转移到更轻的碳数。脱沥青过程显着增强了所有测试油的Oo物种（o从2到4）的形成，特别是对于冷湖混合和BunkerC。对于大多数油，暴露的麦芽烯的毒性通常高于暴露的总油，表明水毒性水平与形成的NAFC中间体呈正相关。
