Abstract：
Along with the rapid development of marine radar, and particularly those carried on aircraft, the detection of small-sized targets which pose an increasing threat has become one of the main areas of interest. However, by considering an observation chain from an aircraft (such as a drone) in a maritime environment, with the aim of detecting and tracking of low signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) targets, one of the important points would be the analysis of the radar system performance according to the radar input parameters, the atmospheric propagation medium, the various sea clutter characterization, and the type of targets (RCS, speed, etc.) in this environment. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the overall path loss including the anomalous atmospheric environment, gas attenuation, clouds attenuation, rainfall attenuation, and beam scanning loss. To consider atmospheric attenuations, ITU-R models are used. On another side, because of spikes and dynamic variation properties, sea clutter is generally described by the statistical distribution with long tail and by its wider Doppler spectrum. Conventional algorithms such as those based on statistical models, MTI, and MTD processing are often limited, especially for the target of low speed and low RCS. Therefore, sea clutter, including empirical and statistical models available, is considered to estimate and simulate the impact of radar input parameters, targets RCS, and sea state on detection performance. The Doppler frequency of target echo which can be exploited for coherent processing is described by assuming an adequate scenario of observation geometry.
摘要：
随着海洋雷达的快速发展,特别是那些在飞机上携带的，威胁越来越大的小型目标的检测已成为人们关注的主要领域之一。然而,通过在海洋环境中考虑来自飞机（例如无人机）的观察链，为了检测和跟踪低信号杂波比(SCR)目标，其中重要的一点是根据雷达输入参数分析雷达系统性能，大气传播介质,各种海杂波特征，和目标类型(RCS，速度,等。）在这种环境中。因此,有必要获得包括异常大气环境在内的整体路径损耗，气体衰减,云衰减，降雨衰减,和光束扫描损失。要考虑大气衰减，使用ITU-R模型。另一方面,由于尖峰和动态变化的特性，海杂波通常由长尾的统计分布和较宽的多普勒频谱来描述。传统的算法，如基于统计模型的算法，MTI,MTD处理通常是有限的，特别是低速和低RCS的目标。因此,海杂波,包括可用的经验和统计模型，被认为是估计和模拟雷达输入参数的影响，目标RCS,和海况对检测性能的影响。通过假设适当的观测几何方案来描述可用于相干处理的目标回波的多普勒频率。
