Abstract：
Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are widely used all over the world in domestic and industrial settings, but these chemicals affect the nervous system, induce suicidal thoughts, depression and anxiety, and impair sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the main toxicity mechanisms of OPPs, oxidative stress and cholinesterase inhibition, and psychological parameters in chronic exposure to OPPs. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 56 male OPPs factory workers as the worker group and 47 unexposed individuals within the same age range as the control group. Psychological factors were assessed using validated questionnaires. The activity of plasma cholinesterase and oxidative stress biomarkers, total antioxidant capacity of plasma, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonylation were determined in blood samples by spectrophotometer. Sleep quality score in the factory workers was lower, and depression and suicidal ideation scores were higher than those in the control group. These factory workers showed 35% lower levels of plasma cholinesterase activity than did the controls. Compared to the control group, a significant impairment in oxidative stress biomarkers was also observed in the workers. Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between the duration of employment and the level of LPO as well as a significant correlation between the quality of sleep and plasma cholinesterase in the workers. In conclusion, long-term exposure to OPPs could cause oxidative damages and neurobehavioral effects. The close monitoring of workplace exposure to organophosphates pesticides and also their respective solvents along with the reduction of working hours are of the necessities to avoid the adverse impacts of exposure to these pesticides.
摘要：
有机磷农药（OPPs）在世界各地广泛用于国内和工业环境，但是这些化学物质会影响神经系统，诱发自杀念头,抑郁和焦虑,并损害睡眠质量。这项研究的目的是探讨OPPs的主要毒性机制之间的关系，氧化应激和胆碱酯酶抑制，和长期暴露于OPPs的心理参数。这项横断面研究是针对56名男性OPP工厂工人作为工人组，以及47名与对照组相同年龄范围内的未暴露个体进行的。使用经过验证的问卷评估心理因素。血浆胆碱酯酶和氧化应激生物标志物的活性，血浆总抗氧化能力，脂质过氧化（LPO），通过分光光度计测定血液样品中的蛋白质羰基化。工厂工人的睡眠质量得分较低，抑郁和自杀意念评分高于对照组。这些工厂工人的血浆胆碱酯酶活性水平比对照组低35％。与对照组相比,在工人中还观察到氧化应激生物标志物的显著损害.同时,工人的工作时间与LPO水平之间存在显着关系，睡眠质量与血浆胆碱酯酶之间也存在显着相关性。总之,长期暴露于OPP可能会导致氧化损伤和神经行为影响。密切监测工作场所暴露于有机磷农药及其各自的溶剂以及减少工作时间是避免暴露于这些农药的不利影响的必要条件。
