PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study monitors the presence of 88 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (semi-VOCs) at the gas phase of seven indoor settings in a school in the city of Tarragona, Spain, and five outdoor locations around the city. The VOCs and semi-VOCs monitored were solvents (∑Solvents), aldehydes (∑Aldehydes), emerging organic compounds (∑EOCs), and other VOCs and semi-VOCs (∑Others). Passive sampling campaigns were performed using Carbopack X tubes followed by thermal desorption coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Overall, 70 of the target compounds included in the method were determined in the indoor air samples analysed, and 42 VOCs and semi-VOCs in the outdoor air samples. Our results showed that solvents were ubiquitous throughout the school at concentrations ranging from 272 μg m-3 to 423 μg m-3 and representing 68%-83% of total target compounds (∑Total). The values of ∑Total in 2021 were three times as high as those observed at the same indoor settings in 2019, with solvents experiencing the greatest increase. A plausible explanation for these observations is the implementation of anti-COVID-19 measures in the indoor settings, such as the intensification of cleaning activities and the use of hydroalcoholic gels as personal hygiene. The ∑Total values observed in the indoor settings evaluated were twenty times higher than those found outdoors. ∑Solvents were the most representative compounds found indoors (74% of the ∑Total). The concentrations of VOCs and semi-VOCs observed in the outdoors were strictly related to combustion processes from automobile traffic and industrial activities, with ∑Others contributing 58%, ∑Solvents 31%, and ∑Aldehydes 11% of the ∑Total. EOCs, on the other hand, were not detected in any outdoor sample.
摘要：
这项研究监测了塔拉戈纳市一所学校七个室内环境的气相中88种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）和半挥发性有机化合物（semi-VOCs）的存在，西班牙,和城市周围的五个室外地点。监测的挥发性有机化合物和半挥发性有机化合物是溶剂(∑溶剂)，醛（∑醛），新兴有机化合物(∑EOCs)，以及其他挥发性有机化合物和半挥发性有机化合物(∑其他)。使用CarbopackX管进行被动采样活动，然后进行热解吸与气相色谱和质谱联用（TD-GC-MS）。总的来说,在分析的室内空气样本中确定了该方法中包含的70种目标化合物，室外空气样品中的42种VOCs和半VOCs。我们的结果表明，溶剂在整个学校中无处不在，浓度范围从272μgm-3到423μgm-3，占目标化合物总量的68％-83％（∑Total）。2021年的∑Total值是2019年在相同室内环境下观察到的值的三倍，其中溶剂的增幅最大。对这些观察结果的一个合理解释是在室内环境中实施了反COVID-19措施，例如加强清洁活动和使用水醇凝胶作为个人卫生。在所评估的室内设置中观察到的Σ总值比在室外发现的值高20倍。∑溶剂是室内发现的最具代表性的化合物(∑总量的74%)。在室外观察到的VOCs和半VOCs的浓度与汽车交通和工业活动的燃烧过程严格相关，∑其他人贡献了58%，∑溶剂31%,和∑醛为∑总量的11%。EOCs,另一方面,在任何室外样品中均未检测到。
