Abstract：
No consensus currently exists on the appropriate age for the introduction of complementary feeding (CF). In this paper, a systematic review is conducted that investigates the effects of starting CF in breastfed and formula-fed infants at 4, 4-6, or 6 months of age (i) on growth at 12 months of age, (ii) on the development of overweight/obesity at 3-6 years of age, (iii) on iron status, and (iv) on the risk of developing (later in life) type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and hypertension. An extensive literature search identified seven studies that evaluated the effects of the introduction of CF at the ages in question. No statistically significant differences related to the age at which CF is started were observed in breastfed or formula-fed infants in terms of the following: iron status, weight, length, and body mass index Z-scores (zBMI) at 12 months, and development of overweight/obesity at 3 years. No studies were found specifically focused on the age range for CF introduction and risk of DM2 and hypertension. Introducing CF before 6 months in healthy term-born infants living in developed countries is essentially useless, as human milk (HM) and formulas are nutritionally adequate up to 6 months of age.
摘要：
目前对于引入补充喂养（CF）的适当年龄尚无共识。在本文中,进行了系统评价，调查了4、4-6或6月龄（i）母乳喂养和配方喂养婴儿开始CF对12月龄生长的影响，(ii)关于3-6岁超重/肥胖的发展，(iii)铁的状态，和（iv）关于发展（晚年）2型糖尿病（DM2）和高血压的风险。广泛的文献检索确定了七项研究，这些研究评估了在相关年龄引入CF的影响。在以下方面，在母乳喂养或配方喂养的婴儿中没有观察到与开始CF的年龄相关的统计学显着差异：铁状态，体重,长度,和12个月时的体重指数Z评分（zBMI），和超重/肥胖的发展在3年。没有发现特别关注CF引入的年龄范围以及DM2和高血压的风险的研究。在生活在发达国家的健康足月婴儿中，在6个月前引入CF基本上是无用的，因为人乳（HM）和配方在6个月大的时候营养充足。
