PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background Anosmia is one of the symptoms in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In anosmic patients, SARS-CoV-2 temporarily alters the signaling process in olfactory nerve cells and olfactory bulb (OB), which eventually damages the structure of the olfactory epithelium, leading to a permanent disorder in the olfactory pathway that this damaged structure is showed in MRI imaging Methods Two investigators independently searched four databases consisting of PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant records as of November 11, 2020 with no time, space, and language restrictions. Google Scholar was also searched for the related resources within the time limit of 2020. All the found articles were reviewed based on the PRISMA flow diagram. Qualitative studies, case reports, editorials, letters, and other non-original studies were excluded from this systematic analysis. Results Initial search yielded 434 records. After reviewing the titles and abstracts, we selected 74 articles; finally, 8 articles were depicted to be investigated and read in full text. The obtained results showed an increase in the width and volume of the olfactory cleft (OC), complete or partial destruction of OC, and complete occlusion of OC in COVID-19 patients. Deformation and degeneration as well as a subtle asymmetry were evident in the OBs. Computed tomography (CT), meganetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) were used to detect the outcomes of anosmia in these studies. Conclusions The changes in OC are greater than those in OB in patients with COVID-19, mainly due to the inflammatory and immune responses in OC. However, fewer changes in OB are due to neurological or vascular disorders. Topical steroid therapy and topical saline can be helpful.
摘要：
背景精神错觉是SARS-CoV-2感染患者的症状之一。在残疾患者中，SARS-CoV-2暂时改变了嗅神经细胞和嗅球（OB）的信号过程，最终会破坏嗅觉上皮的结构，导致在MRI成像中显示这种受损结构的嗅觉通路的永久性疾病方法两名研究人员独立搜索了由PubMed组成的四个数据库，ProQuest,Scopus,和WebofScience的相关记录，截至2020年11月11日，没有时间，空间,语言限制。谷歌学者也在2020年期限内搜索了相关资源。所有发现的文章都是根据PRISMA流程图进行审查的。定性研究，病例报告,社论,信件,和其他非原创性研究被排除在本系统分析之外。结果初步搜索产生434条记录。在审阅了标题和摘要之后，我们选择了74篇文章；最后，描绘了8篇文章进行调查和阅读全文。获得的结果表明，嗅裂（OC）的宽度和体积增加，完全或部分破坏OC，COVID-19患者的OC完全闭塞。变形和退化以及微妙的不对称性在OB中很明显。计算机断层扫描(CT)巨共振成像（MRI），和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）用于检测这些研究中的无嗅觉的结果。结论COVID-19患者OC的变化大于OB，主要是由于OC的炎症和免疫反应。然而,由于神经或血管疾病，OB的变化较少。局部类固醇治疗和局部生理盐水可能是有帮助的。
