Abstract：
To clarify the effects of individual differences in fluid intelligence (Gf) on attentional resource allocation, the present study proposes a new hypothesis (i.e., the integrated control hypothesis) based on previous studies and provides preliminary empirical evidence through a pupillometry study. The results showed that both task type and task difficulty play crucial roles in the relationship between Gf and attentional resource allocation when participants perform visuospatial-domain tasks. In particular, in the exploitation task, higher Gf individuals allocated fewer attentional resources than those with average Gf at all the difficulty levels. In contrast, in the exploration task, those with higher intelligence allocated equivalent resources in the low- and medium-difficulty trials and more resources in the high-difficulty trials; this phenomenon was more significant among the male subjects. In conclusion, this study suggests that high Gf individuals tend to control their attention state in tasks with diverse demands, allowing them to dynamically optimize the use of attentional resources and flexibly adapt to changing conditions.
摘要：
为了阐明流体智力(Gf)的个体差异对注意力资源分配的影响，本研究提出了一个新的假设(即，综合控制假设）基于先前的研究，并通过瞳孔测量研究提供了初步的经验证据。结果表明，当参与者执行视觉空间域任务时，任务类型和任务难度在Gf与注意力资源分配之间的关系中起着至关重要的作用。特别是,在开发任务中，在所有难度级别上，Gf较高的人分配的注意力资源比那些平均Gf的人少。相比之下,在探索任务中，智力较高的受试者在中低难度试验中分配了同等资源,在高难度试验中分配了更多资源;这一现象在男性受试者中更为显著.总之,这项研究表明，高GF个体倾向于在不同需求的任务中控制他们的注意力状态，允许他们动态优化注意力资源的使用，并灵活地适应不断变化的条件。
