Abstract：
Many studies have predicted major depressive disorder (MDD) as the leading cause of global health by 2030 due to its high prevalence, disability, and illness. However, the actual pathophysiological mechanism behind depression is unknown. Scientists consider alterations in cytokines might be tools for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of MDD. Several past studies on several inflammatory cytokine expressions in MDD reveal that an inflammatory process is activated, although the precise causes of that changes in cytokine levels are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate resistin and G-CSF in MDD patients and controls to explore their role in the pathogenesis and development of depression.
We included 220 participants in this study. Among them, 108 MDD patients and 112 age-sex matched healthy control (HCs). We used DSM-5 to evaluate study participants. Also, we applied the Ham-D rating scale to assess the severity of patients. Serum resistin and G-CSF levels were measured using ELISA kits (BosterBio, USA).
The present study observed increased serum resistin levels in MDD patients compared to HCs (13.82 ± 1.24ng/mL and 6.35 ± 0.51ng/mL, p <0.001). However, we did not find such changes for serum G-CSF levels between the groups. Ham-D scores showed a significant correlation with serum resistin levels but not G-CSF levels in the patient group. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed a fairly predictive performance of serum resistin levels in major depression (AUC = 0.746).
The present study findings suggest higher serum resistin levels are associated with the pathophysiology of MDD. This elevated serum resistin level may serve as an early risk assessment indicator for MDD. However, the role of serum G-CSF in the development of MDD is still unclear despite its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
We included 220 participants in this study. Among them, 108 MDD patients and 112 age-sex matched healthy control (HCs). We used DSM-5 to evaluate study participants. Also, we applied the Ham-D rating scale to assess the severity of patients. Serum resistin and G-CSF levels were measured using ELISA kits (BosterBio, USA).
The present study observed increased serum resistin levels in MDD patients compared to HCs (13.82 ± 1.24ng/mL and 6.35 ± 0.51ng/mL, p <0.001). However, we did not find such changes for serum G-CSF levels between the groups. Ham-D scores showed a significant correlation with serum resistin levels but not G-CSF levels in the patient group. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed a fairly predictive performance of serum resistin levels in major depression (AUC = 0.746).
The present study findings suggest higher serum resistin levels are associated with the pathophysiology of MDD. This elevated serum resistin level may serve as an early risk assessment indicator for MDD. However, the role of serum G-CSF in the development of MDD is still unclear despite its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
摘要：
许多研究预测，由于重度抑郁症（MDD）的高患病率，到2030年将成为全球健康的主要原因。残疾,和疾病。然而,抑郁症背后的实际病理生理机制尚不清楚。科学家认为细胞因子的改变可能是理解MDD发病机理和治疗的工具。过去对MDD中几种炎性细胞因子表达的研究表明，炎症过程被激活，尽管细胞因子水平变化的确切原因尚不清楚。因此,我们旨在研究抵抗素和G-CSF在MDD患者和对照组中的作用，以探讨其在抑郁症的发病机制和发展中的作用。
我们纳入了这项研究的220名参与者。其中,108例MDD患者和112例年龄性别匹配的健康对照（HCs）。我们使用DSM-5评估研究参与者。此外，我们应用Ham-D量表评估患者的严重程度.使用ELISA试剂盒（BosterBio，美国）。
本研究观察到MDD患者的血清抵抗素水平高于HCs（13.82±1.24ng/mL和6.35±0.51ng/mL，p<0.001)。然而,我们没有发现两组之间的血清G-CSF水平有这样的变化.在患者组中，Ham-D评分与血清抵抗素水平显着相关，而与G-CSF水平无关。此外，ROC分析显示，重度抑郁症患者血清抵抗素水平具有相当的预测性（AUC=0.746）。
本研究发现提示较高的血清抵抗素水平与MDD的病理生理学有关。这种升高的血清抵抗素水平可以作为MDD的早期风险评估指标。然而,尽管具有神经保护和抗炎作用,但血清G-CSF在MDD发展中的作用仍不清楚.
我们纳入了这项研究的220名参与者。其中,108例MDD患者和112例年龄性别匹配的健康对照（HCs）。我们使用DSM-5评估研究参与者。此外，我们应用Ham-D量表评估患者的严重程度.使用ELISA试剂盒（BosterBio，美国）。
本研究观察到MDD患者的血清抵抗素水平高于HCs（13.82±1.24ng/mL和6.35±0.51ng/mL，p<0.001)。然而,我们没有发现两组之间的血清G-CSF水平有这样的变化.在患者组中，Ham-D评分与血清抵抗素水平显着相关，而与G-CSF水平无关。此外，ROC分析显示，重度抑郁症患者血清抵抗素水平具有相当的预测性（AUC=0.746）。
本研究发现提示较高的血清抵抗素水平与MDD的病理生理学有关。这种升高的血清抵抗素水平可以作为MDD的早期风险评估指标。然而,尽管具有神经保护和抗炎作用,但血清G-CSF在MDD发展中的作用仍不清楚.
