Abstract：
Various components in the cell are responsible for maintaining physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several different enzymes exist that can convert or degrade ROS; among them are the superoxide dismutases (SODs). If left unchecked, ROS can cause damage that leads to pathology, can contribute to aging, and may, ultimately, cause death. SODs are responsible for converting superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide by dismutation. Here we review the role of different SODs on the development and pathogenicity of various eukaryotic microorganisms relevant to human health. These include the fungal aging model, Podospora anserina; various members of the genus Aspergillus that can potentially cause aspergillosis; the agents of diseases such as Chagas and sleeping disease, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, respectively; and, finally, pathogenic amoebae, such as Acanthamoeba spp. In these organisms, SODs fulfill essential and often regulatory functions that come into play during processes such as the development, host infection, propagation, and control of gene expression. We explore the contribution of SODs and their related factors in these microorganisms, which have an established role in health and disease.
摘要：
细胞中的各种组分负责维持活性氧(ROS)的生理水平。存在可以转化或降解ROS的几种不同的酶；其中包括超氧化物歧化酶（SODs）。如果未选中，ROS会导致病理损伤，会导致衰老，可能，最终,导致死亡。SOD负责通过歧化将超氧化物阴离子转化为过氧化氢。在这里，我们回顾了不同的SODs在与人类健康相关的各种真核微生物的发育和致病性中的作用。这些包括真菌衰老模型，Podosporaanserina;曲霉属的各种成员，可能导致曲霉病;疾病的代理人，如南美锥虫病和睡眠疾病，克氏锥虫和布氏锥虫,分别；和，最后,致病性变形虫，例如棘阿米巴。在这些生物中，SOD履行在诸如开发、宿主感染,传播,和基因表达的控制。我们探讨了SODs及其相关因素在这些微生物中的贡献，在健康和疾病中具有既定的作用。
