Abstract：
Under unfavorable environmental conditions, eukaryotic cells may form stress granules (SGs) in the cytosol to protect against injury and promote cell survival. The initiation, mRNA and protein composition, distribution and degradation of SGs are subject to multiple intracellular post‑translational modifications and signaling pathways to cope with stress damage. Despite accumulated comprehensive knowledge of their composition and dynamics, the function of SGs remains poorly understood. When the stress persists, aberrant and/or persistent intracellular SGs and aggregation of SGs‑related proteins may lead to various diseases. In the present article, the research progress regarding the generation, modification and function of SGs was reviewed. The regulatory effects and influencing factors of SGs in the development of tumors, cardiovascular diseases, viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases were also summarized, which may provide novel insight for preventing and treating SG‑related diseases.
摘要：
在不利的环境条件下，真核细胞可在胞质溶胶中形成应激颗粒(SGs)以防止损伤并促进细胞存活。开始，mRNA和蛋白质组成，SGs的分布和降解受到多种细胞内翻译后修饰和信号通路的影响，以应对应激损伤。尽管积累了对它们的组成和动态的全面了解，SGs的功能仍然知之甚少。当压力持续存在时，异常和/或持续的细胞内SGs和SGs相关蛋白的聚集可能导致各种疾病。在本文中,关于一代的研究进展，对SGs的修饰和功能进行了综述。SGs在肿瘤发生发展中的调节作用及影响因素,心血管疾病,还总结了病毒感染和神经退行性疾病，这可能为预防和治疗SG相关疾病提供新的见解。
