Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Canine aortic valve endocarditis carries a poor prognosis. In the current literature there are only two reports of infectious endocarditis associated with Actinomyces; Actinomyces turicensis and an Actinomyces-like organism. Endocarditis due to Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus (now known as Winkia neuii subsp. anitrata) has rarely been reported in humans, and to the best of our knowledge, has never been reported in dogs.
METHODS: A 4 year-3 months old female neutered Great Dane presented with lethargy, hyporexia, \'praying position\' stance, acute onset of cherry eye and pyrexia. A subtle diastolic heart murmur was detected on thoracic auscultation and echocardiology revealed an irregular lesion adhered to the ventricular aspect of the aortic valve, suggestive of aortic valve endocarditis. Peripheral blood was collected for blood culture. Following 10 days of incubation, blood cultures yielded a growth of aerobic gram-positive filamentous rods which were further biochemically (BioMerieux API Coryne profiling strip) identified as Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus. The patient was treated with marbofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for five consecutive months. On repeat echogram, following treatment completion, there was no evidence of aortic valve endocarditis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case report documenting successful treatment of aortic valve endocarditis caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus in a dog.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the poor prognosis of canine infectious aortic valve endocarditis, patients with Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus infection might have a favourable outcome. It is therefore important identifying the underling infectious cause, as it may have a significant impact on prognosis and treatment outcome when it is caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus.
METHODS: A 4 year-3 months old female neutered Great Dane presented with lethargy, hyporexia, \'praying position\' stance, acute onset of cherry eye and pyrexia. A subtle diastolic heart murmur was detected on thoracic auscultation and echocardiology revealed an irregular lesion adhered to the ventricular aspect of the aortic valve, suggestive of aortic valve endocarditis. Peripheral blood was collected for blood culture. Following 10 days of incubation, blood cultures yielded a growth of aerobic gram-positive filamentous rods which were further biochemically (BioMerieux API Coryne profiling strip) identified as Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus. The patient was treated with marbofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for five consecutive months. On repeat echogram, following treatment completion, there was no evidence of aortic valve endocarditis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case report documenting successful treatment of aortic valve endocarditis caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus in a dog.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the poor prognosis of canine infectious aortic valve endocarditis, patients with Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus infection might have a favourable outcome. It is therefore important identifying the underling infectious cause, as it may have a significant impact on prognosis and treatment outcome when it is caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus.
摘要：
背景：犬主动脉瓣心内膜炎预后不良。在目前的文献中，只有两个与放线菌有关的感染性心内膜炎的报道。放线菌和放线菌样生物。神经放线菌亚种引起的心内膜炎。anitratus（现在称为Winkianeuii亚种。anitrata）在人类中很少报道，据我们所知,从未在狗中报道过。
方法：一名4岁至3个月的女性绝育大丹犬，表现为嗜睡，缺氧,\'祈祷姿势\'立场，樱桃眼和发热的急性发作。胸部听诊和超声心动图检查发现细微的舒张性心脏杂音，发现主动脉瓣的心室有不规则病变，提示主动脉瓣心内膜炎。收集外周血进行血培养。经过10天的孵化,血液培养产生了需氧革兰氏阳性丝状棒的生长，这些棒在生物化学上被进一步鉴定为放线菌neuii亚种（BioMerieuxAPICoryne谱带）。anitratus.患者连续五个月接受马波沙星和阿莫西林/克拉维酸治疗。在重复图像上，治疗完成后，没有主动脉瓣心内膜炎的证据.据我们所知，这是第一例报告，记录了由神经放线菌亚种引起的主动脉瓣心内膜炎的成功治疗。狗的anitratus。
结论：尽管犬感染性主动脉瓣心内膜炎预后较差，放线菌神经亚种患者。anitratus感染可能有一个有利的结果。因此，确定潜在的感染原因很重要，因为当它是由神经放线菌亚种引起时，它可能对预后和治疗结果产生重大影响。anitratus.
方法：一名4岁至3个月的女性绝育大丹犬，表现为嗜睡，缺氧,\'祈祷姿势\'立场，樱桃眼和发热的急性发作。胸部听诊和超声心动图检查发现细微的舒张性心脏杂音，发现主动脉瓣的心室有不规则病变，提示主动脉瓣心内膜炎。收集外周血进行血培养。经过10天的孵化,血液培养产生了需氧革兰氏阳性丝状棒的生长，这些棒在生物化学上被进一步鉴定为放线菌neuii亚种（BioMerieuxAPICoryne谱带）。anitratus.患者连续五个月接受马波沙星和阿莫西林/克拉维酸治疗。在重复图像上，治疗完成后，没有主动脉瓣心内膜炎的证据.据我们所知，这是第一例报告，记录了由神经放线菌亚种引起的主动脉瓣心内膜炎的成功治疗。狗的anitratus。
结论：尽管犬感染性主动脉瓣心内膜炎预后较差，放线菌神经亚种患者。anitratus感染可能有一个有利的结果。因此，确定潜在的感染原因很重要，因为当它是由神经放线菌亚种引起时，它可能对预后和治疗结果产生重大影响。anitratus.
