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Abstract：
Species of the genus Dipetalonema are parasitic nematodes of the family Onchocercidae (Nematoda; Filarioidea) which infect the peritoneal cavity of Neotropical primates. Of these, six species have been taxonomically described, two of these have been reported infecting the black-faced spider monkey (Ateles chamek): Dipetalonema gracile and Dipetalonema yatesi. Description of Dipetalonema species have been based on morphological characteristics, and their phylogenetic relationships remain unresolved. A few molecular studies have been carried out in Dipetalonema spp. infecting Neotropical primates. Seven filarioid nematodes (6 females and one male) recovered from one A. chamek in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest were morphologically identified as D. yatesi and molecularly characterized. A multi-locus genetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal region (18S) and mitochondrial (cox1, 12S, and nad5) gene sequences supported D. yatesi as a distinct lineage and yielded a highly resolved phylogenetic lineage tree for this filarioid genus of Neotropical primates. Our results highlighted that Dipetalonema species are divided in two well-supported clades, one containing D. yatesi and D. caudispina, and the second containing D. robini, D. gracile, and D. graciliformis. Due to sequence ambiguities from GenBank entries, relationships among isolates of D. gracile and D. graciliformis cannot be fully resolved, which requires further investigation. However, this suggests that these could represent a species complex. Our study confirms that D. yatesi is a valid species and constitutes the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of this parasite in black-faced spider monkeys.
摘要：
Dipetalonema属的物种是Onchocercidae（Nematoda；Filarioidea）科的寄生线虫，它们感染新热带灵长类动物的腹膜腔。其中,六个物种已经被分类描述，据报道，其中两个感染了黑脸蜘蛛猴（Ateleschamek）：Dipetalonemagracile和Dipetalonemayatesi。Dipetalonema物种的描述基于形态特征，他们的系统发育关系仍未解决。在Dipetalonemaspp中进行了一些分子研究。感染新热带灵长类动物。从秘鲁亚马逊雨林的一个A.chamek中回收的7种丝状线虫（6种雌性和1种雄性）在形态上被鉴定为D.yatesi，并进行了分子表征。核核糖体区（18S）和线粒体（cox1，12S，和nad5）基因序列支持D.yatesi作为一个独特的谱系，并为该新热带灵长类动物的丝虫属产生了高度分辨的系统发育谱系树。我们的结果强调了Dipetalonema物种分为两个支持良好的进化枝，其中有D.Yatesi和D.Caudispina,第二个包含D.robini,D.优雅，和斑纹D.由于来自GenBank条目的序列歧义，无法完全解决D.gracile和D.graciliformis分离株之间的关系，这需要进一步调查。然而,这表明这些可能代表一个物种复合体。我们的研究证实了D.yatesi是一个有效的物种，并构成了黑面蜘蛛猴中这种寄生虫的第一个分子系统发育分析。
