Abstract：
This review gives a brief history of the development of head and neck pathology in Europe from a humble beginning in the 1930s to the explosive activities the last 15 years. During the decades before the introduction of immunohistochemistry in the 1980s, head and neck pathology grew as a subspeciality in many European countries. In the late 1940s, the Institute of Laryngology and Otology with its own pathology laboratory was founded in London, and in 1964 the World Health Organization (WHO) International Reference Centre for the Histological Classification of Salivary Tumours was established at the Bland-Sutton Institute of Pathology, also in London. International collaboration, and very much so in Europe, led to the publication of the first WHO Classification of Salivary Gland Tumours in 1972. In the 1960s, a salivary gland register was organised in Hamburg and in Cologne the microlaryngoscopy was invented enabling microscopic endoscopic examination and rather shortly afterwards a carbon dioxide laser attached to the microscope became established and laryngeal lesions could be treated by laser vaporisation. During the last three decades, the use of immunohistochemistry supplemented with cytogenetic and refined molecular techniques has greatly facilitated the pathological diagnostics of head and neck lesions and has had a huge impact on research. Collaboration between different European centres has drastically increased partly due to establishment of scientific societies such as the Head and Neck Working Group (HNWG) within the European Society of Pathology and the International Head and Neck Scientific Group (IHNSG). A very large number of European pathologists have contributed to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th WHO books, and are involved in the upcoming 5th edition. Accredited educational meetings and courses are nowadays regularly arranged in Europe. Numerous textbooks on head and neck pathology have been written and edited by European pathologists. The increased collaboration has created larger series of tumours for research and new entities, mainly defined by their genetic abnormalities, are continuously emerging from Europe, particularly regarding salivary gland neoplasms and \"undifferentiated\" sinonasal tumours. These findings have led to a better and more precise classification and open the possibilities for new treatment strategies.
摘要：
这篇评论简要介绍了欧洲头颈部病理学的发展历史，从1930年代的卑微开始到最近15年的爆炸性活动。在20世纪80年代免疫组织化学引入之前的几十年里，在许多欧洲国家，头颈部病理学已成为一个亚专业。在1940年代后期，拥有自己的病理学实验室的喉科和耳科研究所在伦敦成立，1964年，在Bland-Sutton病理学研究所成立了世界卫生组织（WHO）国际唾液肿瘤组织学分类参考中心，也在伦敦。国际合作,在欧洲也是如此，导致了1972年第一个WHO唾液腺肿瘤分类的出版。在1960年代,在汉堡和科隆组织了唾液腺寄存器，发明了显微喉镜检查，可以进行显微内窥镜检查，不久之后就建立了连接在显微镜上的二氧化碳激光，可以通过激光汽化治疗喉病变。在过去的三十年里，免疫组织化学辅以细胞遗传学和精细分子技术的使用极大地促进了头颈部病变的病理诊断，并对研究产生了巨大影响。欧洲不同中心之间的合作急剧增加，部分原因是建立了科学协会，例如欧洲病理学会内部的头颈工作组（HNWG）和国际头颈科学小组（IHNSG）。非常多的欧洲病理学家为第二届做出了贡献，世界卫生组织第三和第四本书，并参与了即将到来的第五版。如今，在欧洲定期安排认可的教育会议和课程。欧洲病理学家撰写和编辑了许多有关头颈部病理学的教科书。合作的增加为研究和新实体创造了更大的肿瘤系列，主要由他们的遗传异常定义，不断从欧洲崛起，特别是关于唾液腺肿瘤和“未分化的”鼻窦肿瘤。这些发现导致了更好，更精确的分类，并为新的治疗策略开辟了可能性。
