Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Soft drinks are a major component of daily caloric and sugar intake. This is especially true for children and adolescents. The WHO as well as many other institutions currently recommend to increase research on the determinants of soft drink consumption. We submit a current systematic review on this topic.
METHODS: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we included all quantitative observational studies that comprise samples from developed countries in the age range 0-18 years and are listed in PubMed, Sociological Abstracts and the Social Sciences Citation Index. Publication period was not limited. The second and the last author screened all 10,392 hits independently with both reviewers being blinded. Interrater reliability (agreement and Cohen\'s kappa) was 97%/0.73 for the selection of titles, 91%/0.83 for abstracts and 91%/0.80 for full texts.
RESULTS: Results of 43 included studies, published between 2001 and 2017, show that children and adolescents consuming soft drinks tend to be older, male and of lower social status. Important contextual factors promoting consumption include constant availability at home, at schools or elsewhere as well as restrictions by parents and rules concerning drinks during meals or generally at home. The association between media consumption and soft drink consumption is particularly striking. Other factors in the food environment (choice of food and alternative drinks at home, having meals together, motivation, knowledge about nutrition and healthy eating) are of minor importance.
CONCLUSIONS: When introducing interventions parents should play a major role because they serve as physical and social gatekeepers for this early risk factor of juvenile obesity.
METHODS: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we included all quantitative observational studies that comprise samples from developed countries in the age range 0-18 years and are listed in PubMed, Sociological Abstracts and the Social Sciences Citation Index. Publication period was not limited. The second and the last author screened all 10,392 hits independently with both reviewers being blinded. Interrater reliability (agreement and Cohen\'s kappa) was 97%/0.73 for the selection of titles, 91%/0.83 for abstracts and 91%/0.80 for full texts.
RESULTS: Results of 43 included studies, published between 2001 and 2017, show that children and adolescents consuming soft drinks tend to be older, male and of lower social status. Important contextual factors promoting consumption include constant availability at home, at schools or elsewhere as well as restrictions by parents and rules concerning drinks during meals or generally at home. The association between media consumption and soft drink consumption is particularly striking. Other factors in the food environment (choice of food and alternative drinks at home, having meals together, motivation, knowledge about nutrition and healthy eating) are of minor importance.
CONCLUSIONS: When introducing interventions parents should play a major role because they serve as physical and social gatekeepers for this early risk factor of juvenile obesity.
摘要：
目的：软饮料是每日热量和糖摄入量的主要组成部分。对于儿童和青少年来说尤其如此。世卫组织以及许多其他机构目前建议增加对软饮料消费决定因素的研究。我们就这一主题提交了最新的系统综述。
方法：根据系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）声明的首选报告项目，我们纳入了所有定量观察性研究，这些研究包括来自发达国家的0-18岁年龄段的样本，并在PubMed中列出，社会学文摘和社会科学引文索引。出版时间不受限制。第二位和最后一位作者独立筛选了所有10,392首热门歌曲，两位评论者都蒙蔽了双眼。评价者间的可靠性(协议和科恩的kappa)为97%/0.73选择标题，摘要为91%/0.83，全文为91%/0.80。
结果：43项纳入研究的结果，2001年至2017年发表的报告显示，食用软饮料的儿童和青少年往往年龄较大，男性和较低的社会地位。促进消费的重要背景因素包括在家里持续供应，在学校或其他地方，以及父母的限制和关于进餐或一般在家里饮料的规定。媒体消费和软饮料消费之间的关联特别显著。食物环境中的其他因素（在家中选择食物和替代饮料，一起吃饭,动机，关于营养和健康饮食的知识)是次要的。
结论：在引入干预措施时，父母应该发挥主要作用，因为他们是青少年肥胖这一早期风险因素的身体和社会守门人。
方法：根据系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）声明的首选报告项目，我们纳入了所有定量观察性研究，这些研究包括来自发达国家的0-18岁年龄段的样本，并在PubMed中列出，社会学文摘和社会科学引文索引。出版时间不受限制。第二位和最后一位作者独立筛选了所有10,392首热门歌曲，两位评论者都蒙蔽了双眼。评价者间的可靠性(协议和科恩的kappa)为97%/0.73选择标题，摘要为91%/0.83，全文为91%/0.80。
结果：43项纳入研究的结果，2001年至2017年发表的报告显示，食用软饮料的儿童和青少年往往年龄较大，男性和较低的社会地位。促进消费的重要背景因素包括在家里持续供应，在学校或其他地方，以及父母的限制和关于进餐或一般在家里饮料的规定。媒体消费和软饮料消费之间的关联特别显著。食物环境中的其他因素（在家中选择食物和替代饮料，一起吃饭,动机，关于营养和健康饮食的知识)是次要的。
结论：在引入干预措施时，父母应该发挥主要作用，因为他们是青少年肥胖这一早期风险因素的身体和社会守门人。
