Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyse levels of selected heavy metals: chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb), and to recognize factors related to wells\' stewardship.
METHODS: The pilot study was realized in May 2018 in three villages in northwest of Slovakia. We analysed 69 water samples from private wells. The data on wells and well owners were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. The samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy with graphite furnace GF AAS (AAS GBC XplorAA 5000 with GBC GF 5000) equipped with hollow cathode lamps. Levels of heavy metals were compared with parametric values for drinking water stated in the Resolution of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic No. 247/2017 Coll.
RESULTS: The results indicated spatial variability in some heavy metal levels. Cadmium was not quantified in any sample. Copper and chromium levels were below the parametric value. Parametric values for manganese and lead were exceeded in 19 (27.5%) and 2 (2.9%) samples, respectively. Only 18 owners tested water quality. Busyness and financial cost most frequently discouraged users to carry out the water quality analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of heavy metals in well water can pose a serious public health problem, especially in rural areas without public water supply. Education on heavy metals\' risks targeted at well owners could increase the awareness of the issue and minimize possible public health consequences.
METHODS: The pilot study was realized in May 2018 in three villages in northwest of Slovakia. We analysed 69 water samples from private wells. The data on wells and well owners were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. The samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy with graphite furnace GF AAS (AAS GBC XplorAA 5000 with GBC GF 5000) equipped with hollow cathode lamps. Levels of heavy metals were compared with parametric values for drinking water stated in the Resolution of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic No. 247/2017 Coll.
RESULTS: The results indicated spatial variability in some heavy metal levels. Cadmium was not quantified in any sample. Copper and chromium levels were below the parametric value. Parametric values for manganese and lead were exceeded in 19 (27.5%) and 2 (2.9%) samples, respectively. Only 18 owners tested water quality. Busyness and financial cost most frequently discouraged users to carry out the water quality analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of heavy metals in well water can pose a serious public health problem, especially in rural areas without public water supply. Education on heavy metals\' risks targeted at well owners could increase the awareness of the issue and minimize possible public health consequences.
摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是分析所选重金属的含量：铬（Cr），镉(Cd),铜(Cu),锰(Mn),和铅（Pb），并识别与油井管理相关的因素。
方法：试点研究于2018年5月在斯洛伐克西北部的三个村庄实现。我们分析了69个私人水井的水样。井和井主的数据是通过自我管理的问卷获得的。使用配备有空心阴极灯的石墨炉GFAAS（AASGBCXplorAA5000和GBCGF5000）通过原子吸收光谱法分析样品。将重金属水平与斯洛伐克共和国卫生部决议中规定的饮用水参数值进行了比较。247/2017Coll.
结果：结果表明某些重金属水平的空间变异性。镉在任何样品中都没有定量。铜和铬水平低于参数值。在19个(27.5%)和2个(2.9%)样品中,超过了锰和铅的参数值,分别。只有18个业主测试了水质。繁忙和财务成本最常阻碍用户进行水质分析。
结论：井水中重金属的存在会造成严重的公共卫生问题，特别是在没有公共供水的农村地区。针对油井所有者的重金属风险教育可以提高对该问题的认识，并最大程度地减少可能的公共卫生后果。
方法：试点研究于2018年5月在斯洛伐克西北部的三个村庄实现。我们分析了69个私人水井的水样。井和井主的数据是通过自我管理的问卷获得的。使用配备有空心阴极灯的石墨炉GFAAS（AASGBCXplorAA5000和GBCGF5000）通过原子吸收光谱法分析样品。将重金属水平与斯洛伐克共和国卫生部决议中规定的饮用水参数值进行了比较。247/2017Coll.
结果：结果表明某些重金属水平的空间变异性。镉在任何样品中都没有定量。铜和铬水平低于参数值。在19个(27.5%)和2个(2.9%)样品中,超过了锰和铅的参数值,分别。只有18个业主测试了水质。繁忙和财务成本最常阻碍用户进行水质分析。
结论：井水中重金属的存在会造成严重的公共卫生问题，特别是在没有公共供水的农村地区。针对油井所有者的重金属风险教育可以提高对该问题的认识，并最大程度地减少可能的公共卫生后果。
